Microelements in the soils and leaves of apple cultivars in the orchards of Slavonia and Baranja

Istraživana je opskrbljenost, odnosno količina mikroelemenata: bakar, bor, mangan i cink u tlu, a u lišću jabuka: bakar, bor, mangan, cink i molibden u pet voćnjaka na području Slavonije i Baranje. U voćnjacima podignutim na tlima: lesivirano tipično, smeđe lesivirano, lesivirani pseudoglej na lesu, fluvijalno livadsko tlo i aluvijalno mineralno ne karbonatno, uzgojene su u gustom sklopu u obliku vretenastog grma sorte: Golden Delicious, Fuji, Jonaprinc, i Jonagold supra na podlozi M 9. Sorte jabuka su u dobi pune rodnosti, a postigle su dobru vegetativnu razvijenost. U voćnjacima se provodi intenzivna pomotehnika, agrotehnika i natapanje. Ustanovljeno je da je u svim voćnjacima, odnosno istraživanim tlima do dubine od 0-40 cm, razina bora, odnosno opskrbljenost borom vrlo niska do niska. Količine mangana kreće se u skupini bogate opskrbljenosti, osim u fluvijo livadskom tlu gdje je opskrbljenost niska. Količine bakra i cinka kreću se u skupini dobre opskrbljenosti u lesiviranom pseudogleju na lesu, aluvijalno mineralnom nekarbonatnom i fluvijo livadskom tlu. Opskrbljenost bakrom umjerena je u tipičnom lesiviranom i fluvijo livadskom tlu. Opskrbljenost cinkom niska je u smeđe lesiviranom tlu, a umjerena u fluvijo livadskom tlu. Lišće svih sorti jabuka u voćnjacima, na istraživanim tlima, dobro je opskrbljeno: bakrom, cinkom, manganom i molibdenom, a slabo do srednje borom.The investigation was carried out on nutrition status of microelements: copper, boron, manganese and zinc in the soils, and in apple leaves: copper, boron, manganese, zinc and molybdenum in five orchards in Slavonia and Baranja (Croatia). The orchards were raised on the soils: Luvisol typical on calcareous Pleistocene, Pseudogley luvic, Eutric cambisol luvic on calcareous Pleistocene, Humofluvisol and Alluvial soil noncalcareous. In the orchards were grown apple cultivars: Golden Delicious, Fuji, Jonaprinc and Jonagold supra on rootstock M 9 in high density planting, with training form superspindle. Intensive pomotechnology, agrotechnics and irrigation was carried out. The apple trees are in phase the full production, and are obtained good vegetative growth. In the soils, at depths o f 0 -40 cm, the level of boron is very low to low. The amount of manganese is in the group of rich supplies, except in Humofluvisol where the supply is low. The amount of copper and zinc is in the range of the group of good supplies for Pseudogley luvic, Alluvial soil non-calcareous and Humofluvosol soil. The copper content is moderate in Luvisol typical and Humofluvisol. The zinc content is low in Eutric cambisol, luvic on calcareous Pleistocene and moderate in Humofluvisol. The nutrition status in the leaves of varieties: Golden Delicious, Fuji, Jonaprinc and Jonagold supra in the orchards, on the investigated soils, is well supplied with: copper, zinc, manganese and molybdenum, and poorly to medium with boron