NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND NUTRITIONAL RISK OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER TREATED AT THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF TUMORS

Uvod: Rak dojke je najčešći tip tumora, ujedno i vodeći uzrok smrti od raka kod žena. Nenamjerni gubitak na tjelesnoj masi (TM) je čest simptom kod oboljelih od zloćudnih bolesti te je povezan s težim podnošenjem, neredovitom primjenom i u konačnici smanjenom učinkovitošću onkološkog liječenja. Primjetan je trend povećanja TM opće populacije, uz pad prevalencije pothranjenosti u oboljelih od zloćudnih bolesti. Stanje uhranjenosti je važan čimbenik rizika za razvoj raka dojke u postmenopauzalnih žena, a s obzirom da utječe na ishod antineoplastičnog liječenja potrebno je na vrijeme prepoznati bolesnike u nutritivnom riziku, preporučljivo korištenjem nekih od standardiziranih alata za nutritivni probir. Cilj istraživanja je prikazati stanje uhranjenosti među populacijom hospitalno liječenih onkoloških bolesnika oboljelih od raka dojke te istražiti postoji li razlika u procijenjenom nutritivnom riziku, ovisno o indeksu tjelesne mase i stadiju bolesti. Materijali i metode: Retrospektivno su analizirani podaci 68 bolesnika oboljelih od raka dojke koji su u razdoblju 05/2016 - 05/2018 po prvi put hospitalizirani na Odjelu internističke onkologije Klinike za tumore i/ili u prethodnih šest mjeseci nisu bili liječeni niti jednim oblikom onkološkog liječenja. Uključeni su bolesnici oba spola, jedan muškarac i 67 žena, prosječne dobi 59 godina, prosječnog indeksa tjelesne mase 27,5 kg/m². Rezultati i rasprava: Većina ispitanika je bila u blagom nutritivnom riziku (NRS 0-2), njih 61 (90%), dok je u visokom nutritivnom riziku bilo sedam (10%) ispitanika. Zaključci: Potvrdili smo kako je populacija hospitaliziranih bolesnika oboljelih od raka dojke prekomjerne tjelesne mase, blagog nutritivnog rizika te da postoji razlika u nutritivnom riziku, ovisno o stadiju bolesti i indeksu tjelesne mase.Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of tumor in women, and also leading cause of cancer death in women. An unintentional body mass loss is a common symptom in malignant illnesses and associated with severe submission, improper use, and ultimately reduced the effectiveness of oncological treatment. There is a trend in increase BM of the general population, with decrease in the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with malignant diseases. Nutritional status is an important risk factor for development of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, and since influence the outcomes of antineoplastic treatment, it is necessary to identify the patients at nutritive risk, preferably using standardized nutrition screening tools. The aim: Present situation in the population of hospital-treated breast cancer patients and investigation whether there is a difference in estimated nutritional risk, depending on BMI and stage of a disease. Materials and methods: Retrospectively analyzed data from 68 breast cancer patients who were hospitalized at the Department of Oncology in period 05/2016-05/2018 and treated for the first time and/or in previous six months were not treated in any form oncologic treatment. Included were patients of both sexes, one male, and 67 females, average age 59, average BMI 27.5 kg/m². Results and Discussion: Most respondents were at mild nutritional risk (NRS 0-2), 61 (90%), while at high nutritional risk were seven (10%) respondents. Conclusions: We have confirmed that population of hospitalized patients with breast cancer is overweight, in mild nutritional risk and thus a difference in nutritional risk depending on the degree of disease and BMI