Dynamic Modelling of an Automated Vehicle Storage and Retrieval System and a Simulation Analysis of its Efficiency

In this paper operating-time models for single and multiple instructions are set up considering an AVS/RS (automated vehicle storage and retrieval system). The operation times of AVS/RS and AS/RS (automated storage and retrieval system) are simulated in different situations by changing the shelf structure and order density. The results show that the AVS/RS is more efficient than the AS/RS in all situations. Furthermore, the numbers of rows and columns of storage shelves greatly influence the operation time. The graph of operation-time compression ratio against number of columns shows an inverted U-type distribution, and the compression ratio decreases and ultimately tends to zero as the number of rows is increased. Also, the order density affects the efficiency difference between the two systems: the higher the order density, the higher the AVS/RS operating-time compression rate. Finally, compared with the AS/RS, the AVS/RS operating-time compression ratio improves greatly with increasing density and number of rows because of parallel operations, whereas with decreasing density and number of rows the AVS/RS advantages are gradually lost and the compression ratio decreases and eventually even reaches zero