Some characteristic of the alcoholich undergoing treatment at the clinic of psychiatric diseases General hospital Osijek

Na Klinici za psihijatrijske bolesti Opće bolnice Osijek hispitalizirano je tijekom godine dana (01. 06. 1987. — 31. 05. 1988. godine) ukupno 899 bolesnika, od kojeg je broja zbog alkoholizma bilo primljeno 283 bolesnika (31,48%). Autori su prikupili i obradili podatke prema dobi, spolu, mjestu stanovanja, radnom aktivitetu i socijalnom statusu. Također analiziraju i raspodjelu alkoholičara s obzirom na spol, kao i na prijemnu dijagnozu, te broj umrlih u proteklom razdoblju. U promatranom uzorku najčešće su bile zastupljeni alkoholičari između 40 i 50 godina života (31,80%), zatim između 30 i 40 godina (26,50%), te između 50 i 59 godina života (24,03%). Skoro podjednaki broj alkoholičara bio je u dobi između 20 i 30 godina (8,48%) i preko 59 godina života (9,19%). U promatranom razdoblju liječeno je 248 bolesnika muš­kog spola i 35 bolesnika ženskog spola, dakle dominantna je bila zastupljenost muških bolesnika (87,63% : 12,37%). Veći dio bolesnika potiče iz gradske populacije, a manji sa sela (55,48 : 44,52%). Od ukupnog broja alkoholičara, u aktivnom radnom odnosu bilo je 179 muškaraca (72,18%) i 14 žena (40%), odnosno ukupna zastupljenost aktivnih osiguranika bila je 68,20%, umirovljenika 13,78%, poljoprivrednika 7,06%, socijalno ugroženih 4,24% te 5,65% domaćica. S obzirom na spol i prijemnu dijagnozu, najviše je zastupljena Dg. alcoholismus, kod muškaraca u 98,79% slučajeva, a kod žena u 35% slučajeva. Zbog depresije i alkoholizma primljeno je ukupno 26,61 % muških bolesnika i 28,57% žena. Također i ispoljeno asocijalno ponašanje u alkoholiziranom stanju bilo je uzrokom hospitalizacije u 36,29% slučajeva kod muških i 28,57% kod ženskih bolesnika. Delirium tremens bio je zastupljen u romatranom uzorku kod žena u 22,85% slučajeva, te kod muškaraca u 20,56% slučajeva. Psihoorganski sindrom nalaze autori uz alkoholizam kod 23,38% muškaraca, te 20% žena, a simptomatsku epilepsiju nalaze kod 22,17% muških i 13,51% kod ženskih bolesnika. Drugi dijagnostički utisci bili su zastupljeni u relativno manjem postotku. Također autori nalaze da je od ukupnog broja liječenih bolesnika u promatranom uzorku umrlo ukupno 5 bolesnika (1,76%) zbog kardiorespiratorne insuficijencije, i to su bile sve osobe muškog spola, od čega 2 poljoprivrednika, 2 umirovljenika i 1 socijalno ugrožen, kod kojeg je prijemna dijagnoza bila kombinirana intoksikacija alkoholom i medikamentima. Kod ostala 4 umrla bolesnika prijemna dijagnoza bila je alkoholni delirij. Autori ukratko iznose mogućnosti tretmana na Klinici, te spominju detoksikacijsku terapiju, radno okupacionu, kao i socioterapiju. Osobito naglašavaju liječenje u terapijskoj zajednici, odnosno obiteljsku terapiju.The total of 899 patients were hospitalized at the Clinic of Psychiatric Diseases General Hospital Osijek during one-year period (1st June , 1987 — 31st May, 1988). Out of that number, 283 patients (31.48%) were admitted due to alcoholism. The authors have collected and analyzed the data according to sex, age, residence, work activity, social status, entrance diagnosis and the death rate during the observed period. The most frequent cases in the observed sample were the alcoholics between 40 and 50 years of age (31.80%), followed by those between 30 and 40 (26.50%) and between 50 and 59 (24.03%). The number of alcoholics at the age of 20 to 30 (8.48%) roughly equaled the number of those over 59 (9.19%). During the observed period 284 male and 35 female patients were treated. The majoriry of patients came from urban areas (55.48%) and 179 males (72.18%) and 14 females (40%) were employed. Accordingly, there were 68.20% of patients covered by health insurance, 13.78% of pensioners, 7.06% of farmers, 4.24% of welfare cases and 5.65% of housewives. The most frequent entrance diagnosis was Dg. alcoholismus — in 98.79% of males and 35% of females. There were 26.61% of male and 28,57% of female patients admitted to the Clinic due to depression and alcoholism, whereas 36.29% of males and 28.57% of females were hospitalized because of the manifested asocial behaviour. There were 22.85% of cases of delirium tremens in females and 20.56% in males. In addition to alcoholism, the authors have found psychoorganic syndrome in 20.56% of male and 20% of female patients and symptomatic epilepsy in 22.17% of males nad 13.51% of females. Other diagnostic impressions were comparatively fewer in number. Out of 283 treated patient, 5 (1.76%) died due to cardiorespiratory insufficiency. All five were men: 2 pensioners, 2 farmers and one welfare case, whose entrance diagnosis showed the combination of alcohol and drug intoxication. The entrance diagnosis in other four death cases was alcoholic delirium. The authors refer briefly to the possibilities of treatment at the Clinic and mention detoxication therapy, occupational therapy and sociotherapy. They put special emphasis on the treatment within a therapeutic community, that is, family therapy