COMMON FISHERIES POLICY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FISHERIES SECTOR IN CROATIA

Ciljevi ovog rada su: 1) odrediti ključne promjene u procesu razvoja Zajedničke ribarstvene politike EU (ZRP) i hrvatske ribarstvene politike te 2) opisati strukturu i dinamiku kretanja makroekonomskih i proračunskih pokazatelja vezanih uz hrvatsko ribarstvo u razdoblju 2007.-2016. U radu je korištena povijesna metoda i deskriptivna analiza makroekonomskog stanja i strukture proračuna. ZRP je službeno uveden 1983. godine s namjerom da predstavlja zajednički sustav upravljanja ribarstvom u ime svih zemalja članica. Ciljevi ZRP-a bili su: riješiti konflikte zemalja članica na morima, osigurati stabilnost sektora ribarstva, spriječiti totalno uništenje ribljih stokova i osigurati ribarima bolju kvalitetu života. Međutim, ZRP je redovito na meti kritika zbog nedovoljne primjene okolišnih mjera i znanstvenih sugestija kao i zbog nedostatka zajedničkog dijaloga između institucija EU i lokalnih dionika razvoja. Kako u EU, tako se i u Hrvatskoj sektor ribarstva suočio s mnogo problema, a osobito devedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća, u vrijeme tranzicije. Neki od njih bili su ozbiljni pad ulova, zastarjela tehnologija i ribarska flota, osiromašenje podmorja, nedostatak razvojnih trendova u marikulturi, nedostatak mjera za razumno iskorištavanje i zaštitu pojedinih vrsta većeg ekonomskog značaja. Razdoblje pregovora za ulazak u EU predstavljalo je ujedno i priliku da hrvatski sektor ribarstva prilagodi svoje ciljeve, mjere i dionike u svrhu dostizanja održivog i međunarodno konkurentnog sektora u budućnosti. Također, članstvo olakšava trgovinu unutar EU zone i značajnu financijsku i tehničku podršku. Struktura potpora iz proračuna i postojeća politika naglašavaju povećanje primjene strukturnih mjera koje bi trebale doprinijeti poboljšanju društvenih, gospodarskih i okolišnih elemenata u ribarstvu.The aim of the paper is: 1) to determine the key changes in the evolution process of the EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and the Croatia’s fisheries policy and 2) to describe the structure and dynamics of macroeconomic and budget performance related to Croatian fisheries in the period 2007-2016. Two methods were used: the historical method and the descriptive analysis of macroeconomic performance and budget structure. The CFP was officially introduced in 1983, bringing the management of fisheries in all EU member states under one system. Its aims were: to resolve sea conflicts between member states, to provide stability to the fisheries sector, to prevent a total collapse of fish stocks and to provide higher quality of life to the fishermen. However, the CFP has constantly been criticized for poor enforcement of environmental measures and scientific recommendations, and for the lack of a common language between the EU institutions and local stakeholders. Both the European and Croatian fisheries sector faced many problems, especially during the transition period in the 1990s. Some of them included a serious decrease of catches, outdated technology and fisheries fleet, depletion of demersal species, lack of developmental trends in mariculture, absence of measures of rational exploitation and protection of economically significant species. The negotiation period was an opportunity for the fisheries sector in Croatia to adapt its goals, measures and stakeholders in order to achieve a more sustainable and internationally competitive fisheries sector in the future. The membership facilitates trade in the EU area, along with providing significant funding and technical assistance. The budget support structure and the existing policy framework point out an increase in the implementation of structural measures which should assist in an overall improvement of social, economic and environmental aspects of fisheries