Standard Parallel and Secant Parallel in Azimuthal Projections

Uvriježeno je mišljenje da se standardne paralele i presječne paralele poklapaju. U ovome radu pokazuje se da to nije istina ni za jednu uspravnu azimutnu ekvidistantnu uzduž meridijana, uspravnu azimutnu ekvidistantnu uzduž paralela (ortografsku) ni uspravnu azimutnu ekvivalentnu projekciju jer te projekcije uopće nemaju standardnih paralela. Samo neke uspravne azimutne konformne (stereografske) projekcije imaju standardnu paralelu koja je istodobno i presječna paralela.It is commonly assumed that standard parallels and parallels that appear as the intersections of a developable surface and a sphere or ellipsoid coincide. This paper shows that this is not true of azimuthal projections which are equidistant along meridians, equidistant along parallels (orthographic), and equal-area, because there is no standard parallel at all in such projections. Only some azimuthal conformal (stereographic) projections have standard parallel, in which case it coincides with secant parallel