Makroanatomija brahijalnog spleta i njegovi živci u škanjca (Buteo buteo)

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the anatomical structure of the brachial plexus in the common buzzard (Buteo buteo). Five common buzzards (two females and three males) provided by the Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre of Kafkas University were used. The nerves of the brachial plexus and the accessory brachial plexus were dissected and photographed. Two plexuses were found the brachial plexus and the accessory brachial plexus. It was also found that the v. jugularis, the a. carotis communis and the n. vagus were located medially of the brachial plexus, while the v. subclavia and the a. subclavia were located in the caudal part of the plexus. In addition, it was observed that the accessory brachial plexus was located in the cranial region, and that it originated from a merger of the ventral branches of cervical spinal nerve 10 and 11 (C10 and C11). The mean diameters of C10 and C11 were measured as 0.49 ± 0.07 and 0.69 ± 0.10 mm, respectively. It was found that the brachial plexus originated from a merger of the ventral branches of the last three cervical spinal nerves (C11, C12, and C13) with the ventral branches of the first two thoracic (T1 and T2) spinal nerves. There was no gender difference in terms of the formation of the brachial plexus and the accessory brachial plexus. The diameters of these branches, which joined at the point of origin of the brachial plexus, were measured as 0.69 ± 0.10 (C11), 1.27 ± 0.04 (C12), 2.13 ± 0.11 (C13), 1.81 ± 0.14 (T1) and 0.98 ± 0.14 mm (T2). Thus, the formation of the brachial plexus in the common buzzard, the spinal nerves that formed the plexus, and the innervation areas of these nerves were observed and presented.Svrha ovog rada bila je rasvijetliti anatomsku građu brahijalnog spleta u škanjca (Buteo buteo). Istraživanje je provedeno na pet škanjaca (dvije ženke i tri mužjaka) podrijetlom iz Centra za spašavanje i oporavak divljači Sveučilišta u Kavkazu. Secirani su i fotografirani živci brahijalnog spleta i akcesornog brahijalnog spleta. Ustanovljeno je da su v. jugularis, a. carotis communis i n. vagus bili smješteni medijalno od brahijalnog spleta, dok su v. subclavia i a. subclavia bile smještene u kaudalnom dijelu spleta. Povrh toga ustanovljeno je da je akcesorni brahijalni splet bio smješten u kranijalnom području te da je nastao spajanjem ventralnih grana 10. i 11. vratnog kralježničnog živca (C10 i C11). Srednja vrijednost promjera C10 iznosila je 0,49 ± 0,07, a C11 0,69 ± 0,10 mm. Ustanovljeno je da je brahijalni splet potjecao od ventralnih grana posljednjih triju vratnih kralježničnih živaca (C11, C12 i C13) i ventralnih grana prvih dvaju grudnih kralježničnih živaca (T1 i T2). Nije ustanovljena razlika s obzirom na spol. Promjer istraživanih grana, koje su spojene na izlazištu brahijalnog spleta, iznosio je 0,69 ± 0,10 za C11, 1,27 ± 0,04 za C12, 2,13 ± 0,11 za C13, 1,81 ± 0,14 za T1 i 0,98 ± 0,14 mm za T2. Time je prikazan nastanak brahijalnog spleta u škanjca, kralježničnih živaca koji ga oblikuju i njihovo inervacijsko područje