Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment

U radu se daju osnovne informacije o biljnim uređajima, s težištem na biljne uređaje s potpovršinskim tokom, kao najraširenijem tipu biljnih uređaja u Europi. Dan je sažeti prikaz razvoja biljnih uređaja, njihove podjele, glavnih procesa pročišćavanja koji se odvijaju u njima, glavnih dijelova biljnih uređaja, potrebnog prethodnog pročišćavanja,oblikovanja biljnih uređaja, osnovnih konfiguracija biljnih uređaja, pogona i održavanja, rada u zimskim uvjetima, tijek uporabe te mogućem razvoju neugodnih mirisa. Kao primjer prikazan je nedavno izgrađeni biljni uređaj Kaštelir, a na kraju je dan osvrt na mogućnosti primjene biljnih uređaja u Republici Hrvatskoj.Basic information about constructed wetlands is provided, and an emphasis is placed on constructed wetlands with subsurface flow, being the most common type of constructed wetlands in Europe. A brief account of historical development of constructed wetlands is given, including classification of constructed wetlands, main purification processes taking place in such wetlands, principal components of constructed wetlands, preliminary treatment requirements, shaping of construction wetlands, basic configuration of construction wetlands, plants and maintenance, operation in winter season, service life, and possible generation of foul odours. The theme is illustrated by an example of a recently build constructed wetland in Kaštelir. An overview of possible use of constructed wetlands in the Republic of Croatia is given in the final part of the paper