Akutna toksičnost i inhiblcija holinesteraze chlorthiophosom in vivo

The acute toxicity of chlorthiophos with a chief component 0,0-diethyl-0-[2,5-dichloro.4-(methylthio) phenyl] thionophosphate, combined with 0,0-diethyl-0-[ 4,5-dichloro-2-(methylthio) phenyl] thionophosphate and 0,0-diethyl-0-[2,4-dichloro-5-(methylthio) phenyl] thionophosphate is described. The oral LD50 values obtained are: rat, 13 mg/kg; mouse, 141 mg/kg; guinea-pig, 511 mg/kg; rabbit, 20 mg/kg; quaal, 45 mg/kg; hen, 45 mg/kg, and dermal LD50 for: rat, 58 mg/kg and for rabbit, 48 mg/kg. No signs of neurotoxicity in hens were observed. In rats, a maximal inhibition of erythrocyte cholinesterase was found after two hours, of plasma cholinesterase after four and of brain cholinesterase after six hours, with a reversal to normal in the blood observed after four days and in brain after eight days. Lindane and phenobarbital pretreatment reduced the acute toxicity of chlorthiophos. Atropine and some oximes (obidoximechloride and trimedoximebromide) antagonized the toxic effects of chlorthiophos.Opisana je akutna toksičnost insekticida klortiofosa, čija je glavna komponenta 0,0-dietil-0-[2,5-dikloro-4-(metiltio)fenil] tionofosfat u kombinaciji sa 0,0-dietil-0-[ 4,5-dikloro-2-(metiltio)fenil] tionofosfatom i 0,0dietil-0-[2,4-dikloro-4-(metilitio)fenil] tionofosfatom. Peroralne LD50 vrijednosti su: štakor 13 mg/kg, miš 141 mg/kg, zamorče 58 mg/kg, kunić 20 mg/kg, prepelica 45 mg/kg, kokoš 45 mg/kg. Dermalna LD.50 za kunića je 48 mg/kg a za štakora 58 mg/kg. Neurotoksičnost na kokošima nije bila primjećena. Maksimalna inhibicija holinesteraze u eritrocitima štakora je nađena nakon dva sata a u plazmi nakon četiri sata. U mozgu štakora maksimalna inhibicija holinesteraze nađena je nakon šest sati. Oporavak holinesterazne aktivnosti opažen je u krvi štakora nakon četiri a u mozgu nakon osam dana. Lindan i fenobarbltal smanjuju akutnu toksičnost klortiofosa, ako se davaju dvaput dnevno pet dana prije insekticida. Atropin i neki oksimi (obidoksim i trimedoksim) mogu antagonizirati toksične učinke klortiofosa