Microelements in fertilization of plants

Mikrohraniva su elementi koji su važni za rast i razvoj biljke, ali ih biljka zahtjeva u puno manjim količinama nego makroelemente kao što su dušik (N), fosfor (P) i kalij (K). Mikrohraniva su slijedeći elementi: bor (B), bakar (Cu), željezo (Fe), mangan (Mn), molibden (Mo), cink (Zn) i klor (Cl). Ukoliko klor razmatramo kao mikrohranivo (potreban isključivo kod ishrane šečerne repe te nekih ostalih specifičnih poljoprivrednih kultura), nedostatak u prirodi je vrlo, vrlo rijedak, a često se pojavljuje u toksičnim količinama. Tijekom daljnje rasprave u stručnom radu klor se neće razmatrati kao mikrohranivo. Nedostatak mikrohraniva sve se češće javlja u modernoj biljnoj proizvodnji. Jedan od razloga je svakako visoki prinosi koji iznose velike količine hraniva, upotreba visoko rafiniranih NPK gnojiva koji ne sadrže dovoljne količine mikrohraniva i sve manja upotreba organskih gnojiva, napose stajskog gnoja. Nedostatak mikrohraniva osim jasnim vizualnim simptomima, može se utvrditi i analizom tla i biljnog materijala.Micronutrients are the elements that are important for the growth and development of plants, but the crop requirements in much smaller quantities than the macroelements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Micronutrients are the following elements: boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn) and chlorine (Cl). If we consider chlorine as micronutrients (needed only for feeding sugar beet and some other specific crops), the demand in natural environment is very, very rare, and often appears in toxic amounts. During further discussion in this professional work, chlorine will not be considered as micronutrients. Demand of micronutrients are increasingly common in modern crop production. One reason is certainly high yields amounting to large amounts of nutrients, the use of highly refined NPK fertilizers which do not contain sufficient amounts of micronutrients and less use of organic fertilizers, especially manure. Lack of micronutrients except clear visual symptoms can be identified and analysis of soil and plant material