Michrophenotaxonomic Characterics of Holm Oak (Quercus ilex L.)

Na temelju morfološke varijabilnosti vegetativnih i generativnih organa opisano je za vrstu Quercus ilex L. veći broj podvrsta, varijeteta i formi. Istraživanja su pokazala da su opisane kategorije često nedovoljno razdvojene i nepotpuno karakterizirane s obzirom na suvremeni pristup obradi biosistematskih jedinica. Uvođenjem mikromorfološ- kih metoda — palinomorfološke i trihomografske — proširuje se mogućnost preciznije diferencijacije viših i nižih sistematskih jedinica. Usporednim istražvanjma obuhvaćene su i vrste Quercus coccifera L. i Q. trojana Webb koje, iako pripadaju različitim sekcijama, u konačnom obliku razvijaju slične ili iste mikromorfeme.Quercus ilex L. is relatively widely spread over the territory of Yugoslavia in the littoral associations of the link Quercion ilicis. Because of its phylogenetic, phytocenologic and economic importance it has studied from genetical, taxonomical and morphological points of view. According to the macromorphological characteristics — leaf, fruit and flower, a number of lower systematic categories of contestable taxonomic value have been described. The use of micromorphological criteria made possible more precise diffentiation between the lower and the higher systematic units. Sculpturality of the palynoderma as well as the composition and shape of the trichome are taxonomically more specific characteristics, since they vary within smaller limits of ± regardless of the external factors. It is typical of the species Quercus ilex L. that its pollen and hairs belong to the specific palynomorphological and trichomographical types of »ilea;«. The pollen is 3-zonocolporate with finely sculptured palynoderma -— bud-like and knotty, with grain size up to 30 pm. Hairs on the leaf ower side are stellates and tufts with a base plate, or a stalk. The species Quercus trojana Webb and Q. coccifera. L. belong to this type. Although these species belong to various sections, they have pollen and hairs of the same type developed by secondary convergence. Among the phylogenetical series of oak trees on the territory of Yugoslavia, the palynomorphological and trichomographical types of »ilex« are characterized by small finely sculptured pollen and tufty filamentous outgrowth on the leaf back side