Utjecaj lantana na mikrostrukturu i svojstva čelika ASTM A216

In order to satisfy the rudder horn casting standards of the International Association of Classification Societies, the properties of ASTM A216 steel should be improved. Therefore, in this article the rudder horn casting and accompanying specimens were cast moulded by arc furnace smelting, external refining, and modification treatment of the molten steel by lanthanum. The samples were first underwent normalizing treatment at 900 °C for 10 hours, then air cooled, followed by tempering treatment at 600 °C for 7 hours and samples were air cooled again. The mechanical properties and microstructures of the samples were measured. The crystallography relationships between lanthanum compounds formed in the molten steel and primary δ-Fe were analysed. The nucleation effect of lanthanum compounds as a heterogeneous nucleation core of primary δ-Fe were calculated and discussed based on two-dimensional mismatch theory. The results indicated that the strip MnS inclusions in ASTM A216 steel became granular rare earth compound inclusions due to La. The refined microstructures were obtained by a synergistic effect of the enhanced condensate depression and the nucleation rate of melt and La compounds as the heterogeneous nucleation caused by La.Da bi se zadovoljili standardi Međunarodnog udruženja klasifikacijskih zavoda (IACS) za lijevanje krmenog roga, potrebno je poboljšati svojstva čelika ASTM A216. Odljevci krmenog roda i prateći uzorci, nakon taljenja čelika u elektrolučnoj peći, rafiniranja i dodatka lantana, izrađeni su lijevanjem čelika u kalupe. Uzorci su prvo normalizirani zagrijavanjem 10 sati na 900 °C, ohlađeni na zraku, potom podvrgnuti popuštanju 7 sati na 600 °C i ponovno ohlađeni na zraku. Određena su mehanička svojstva uzoraka i proučena mikrostruktura. Analizirana je sličnost kristalne građe spojeva lantana nastalih u rastaljenom čeliku i δ-željeza. Izračunata je učinkovitost lantanovih spojeva kao podloge za heterogenu nukleaciju δ-željeza na temelju dvodimenzijskog nepodudaranja struktura. Dodatkom lantana vrpčasti uklopci MnS postaju zrnasti uklopci spoja rijetke zemlje. Finija mikrostruktura dobivena je sinergijskim djelovanjem povećane depresije kondenzata i brže nukleacije uz lantan