Assessment of Oro-Maxillofacial Trauma According to Gender, Age, Cause and Type of the Injury

Svrha: Uzroci maksilofacijalnih ozljeda razlikuju se u zemljama diljem svijeta. U ovom istraživanju željeli su se istražiti pojavnost, vrste i uzroci maksilofacijalnih ozljeda s obzirom na dobne i spolne razlike pacijenata primljenih na Odjel za maksilofacijalnu kirurgiju KBC-a Osijek od siječnja 2011. do prosinca 2013. Ispitanici i postupci: Sudjelovala su ukupno 64 pacijenta – 41 muškarac (64,1 %) i 23 žene (35,9 %) u dobi od 18 do 86 godina (srednja dob 42). Prikupljeni podatci analizirani su s obzirom na spol, dob, uzrok i vrstu maksilofacijalne ozljede. Rezultati: Najčešći uzrok ozljeda u oba spola bio je pad (39 % muškaraca; 65 % žena). Sljedeći najčešći uzrok ozljeda kod muškaraca bila je tučnjava (29 %), a kod žena prometna nezgoda (26 %) (p 0,05). Najčešći uzrok ozljeda kod najmlađih pacijenata bila je tučnjava (43 %), a kod ostalih pad (50 – 70 %; p 0,05). Većina padova i ozljeda nastalih u tučnjavama uzrokovali su koštane ozljede, a ozljede mekih i dento-alveolarnih tkiva bile su prouzročene prometnim i sportskim ozljedama (p > 0,05). Zaključak: Podatci prikupljeni u ovom istraživanju pružaju vrlo važne informacije za provedbu buduće prevencije ozljeđivanja.Objectives: The occurrence and causes of maxillofacial trauma varies in different regions of the world. The aim of this study was to identify the occurrence, types and causes of maxillofacial injuries according to the age and gender differences in patients treated at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Center Osijek, between January 2011 and December 2013. Materials and methods: A total of 64 patients, 41 males (64.1%) and 23 females (35.9%), aged from 18 to 86 years (mean age 42) participated in the study. Data collected and analyzed included gender, age, cause of injury and the type of maxillofacial injuries. Results: The most common cause of injuries in both gender groups was falling down (39% males; 65% females). The second leading cause of injuries in males was interpersonal violence (29%) and in females traffic accident (26%) (p0.05). The most common causes of injuries in the youngest patients was violence (43%), and in others fall (50-70%; p0.05). The majority of the falls and violence caused bone tissue injuries, and soft tissue and dentalveolar injuries were detected in traffic and sports accidents (p>0.05). Conclusion: Falling down was the most common cause of oro-maxillofacial injuries in both men and women and in all three age groups. The leading type of injury was bone injury. The data obtained from this study provide important information for future prevention from injuries