Grammar for Schools from Babukić’s Time until the Present

Jezikoslovac Vjekoslav Babukić zauzima jedno od vodećih mjesta u ilirskome krugu, a najveći njegov doprinos jest rad na gramatičkome opisu hrvatskoga jezika. Godine 1836. tiskao je prvu ilirsku gramatiku Osnova slovnice slavjenske narěčja ilirskoga u tri poglavlja i četrdeset i devet točaka. Obradio je u njoj slovopis upućujući na Gajevu reformu, glasove i glasovne promjene, naglasak, morfologiju te red riječi, učvršćujući svojim rješenjima štokavštinu i usmjerenost jekavštini. Možda je manje poznato izdavanje njegove gramatike „za učionice“, odnosno njegov rad na prvoj školskoj gramatici – Ilirska slovnica (1854) koja zbog metodološke i sadržajne opširnosti nikada nije ušla u hrvatske škole. Zanimljivo je da se nakon Babukićeve gramatike do kraja 19. stoljeća pojavljuje nekoliko gramatika namijenjenih učenicima osnovne i srednje škole (Volarić, 1854; Vitanović, 1872; Divković, 1872; Strohal, 1893). U 20. stoljeću prva se školska gramatika pojavljuje 1905. (Florschütz, 1905). Autor je u njezinu stvaranju ujedinio svoja znanstvena promišljanja s gimnazijskom praksom te je potom doživjela još tri izdanja posthumno. 1955. godine izašla je Brabec-HrasteŽivkovićeva Gramatika hrvatskosrpskoga jezika, a 1966. pojavljuje se školska gramatika (Težak i Babić) koja je imala nekoliko izdanja, a jedno od važnijih jest i ono 1992. godine, nakon stvaranja moderne hrvatske države. Godine 2002. izdana je Školska gramatika Sande Ham, a 2005. Gramatika hrvatskoga jezika za gimnazije i visoka učilišta autora J. Silića i I. Pranjkovića. Stoga će se u ovome radu prikazati povijesni pregled školskih gramatika te ispitati njihova praktična primjena u nastavi hrvatskoga jezika u osnovnoj i srednjoj školi.The linguist Vjekoslav Babukić occupies a leading position in the Illyrian circle, and his greatest contribution is the work on grammatical description of Croatian language. He published in 1836 first Croatian Illyrian grammar Osnova slovnice slavjenske narěčja ilirskoga in 3 paragraphs and 49 items. He processed there ortography reffering to Gaj’s refor, sounds and voice changes, accent, morphology and syntax reinforcing their solutions stokavian dialect and reffering to jekavisam. Perhaps his issuing of grammar “for the classroom” is less known, his work on the first grammar book for schools Ilirska slovnica (1854) that never come to Croatian schools because of metodological and content substantive’s details. It is interesting that after Babukić’s grammar by the end of the 19th century several grammar books intended for students of primary and secondary schools (Volarić, 1854; Vitanović, 1872; Divković, 1872; Strohal, 1893) appeared. ). In the 20th century first school grammar book was published in 1905 (Florschütz, 1905). Author was connected his scientific work and school practice and it was published 3 times after his dead. In 1955 was published grammar book by Brabec-Hraste-Živković which was called Gramatika hrvatskosrpskoga jezika and then in 1966 grammar book for schools appeared (Težak and Babić) which had several editions, and one of the most important is the one from 1992, after the creation of modern Croatian state. In 2002 Grammar for Schools by Sanda Ham was issued and in 2005 Croatian language grammar for high schools and colleges by J. Silić and I. Pranjković was issued. Therefore, in this paper the history of grammars for schools will be shown and their practical application in teaching Croatian language in primary and secondary school