Laboratory Diagnosis Of Monoclonal Gammopathy

Monoclonal gammopathies are a group of disorders characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells. Tumor marker that is specific for a monoclonal gammopathy as reflected monoclonal immunoglobulin production is called the M-protein. Monoclonal gammopathies include: multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), nonsecretory myeloma, disguised (smoldering) multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), primary systemic amyloidosis and heavy chain disease. The diagnosis of multiple myeloma is based on the detection of M protein in the serum and / or urine infiltration of plasma cells in the bone marrow and lytic bone lesions on skeletal radiography. Searcing and confirmation of monoclonality are performed using electrophoresis of proteins in the serum and / or urine by immunofixation in the serum and / or urine, of free light chain (SLL) in serum and / or urine