Klasifikacija tehnika bacanja prema njihovoj važnosti u judo borbi

Analysis of judo throwing techniques, as the most important attacking structures in a judo match, can help experts to improve training process. The aim of this paper was to analyse and classify throwing techniques from the aspect of their importance in judo match. For this purpose eight judo experts assessed the importance of throwing techniques in seven official senior weight categories for men. Sample of entities consisted of 40 throwing techniques and the sample of variables consisted of seven weight categories. Cluster analysis was used for the classification of throwing techniques. The Euclidean distance method and Ward’s method of cluster mergers was used. Differences between the established groups were tested by discriminant analysis. Unlike in some other classifications, a smaller number of groups was formed. According to the criterion of importance two main groups of throws were identified (group A and B). Group B contains the most important and the most applicable throws in current judo matches whereas group A contains less important throwing techniques. Group A has been divided into two statistically significant different subgroups and group B into three statistically significant different subgroups. The proposed classification clearly distinguishes throwing techniques according to their performance importance and provides a clearer insight into the technical structure of judo sport. The results of this research can be useful to judo experts for the selection of the most rational methods of the technical and tactical preparation and in the establishment of new and modern approaches to judo training.Analiza tehnika bacanja, kao najvažnijih tehnika u judo borbi, može pomoći trenerima u unapređenju trenažnog procesa. Cilj ovog rada je analizirati i klasificirati tehnike bacanja s aspekta njihove važnosti u samoj borbi. Osam eksperata iz područja judo sporta ocijenilo je tehnike bacanja prema njihovoj važnosti u borbi u sedam službenih težinskih kategorija za seniore. Uzorak entiteta činilo je 40 bacanja, a skup varijabli 7 težinskih kategorija. Tehnike bacanja su grupirane u homogene skupine pomoću klaster analize pri čemu je korištena metoda euklidskih distanci i Wardova metoda udruživanja klastera. Razlike između skupina bacanja, utvrđenih klaster analizom, testirane su na multivarijatnoj razini diskriminacijskom analizom. Nakon obrade rezultata utvrđen je manji broj skupina bacanja u odnosu na neke druge klasifikacije. Identificirane su dvije glavne skupine bacanja (A i B), od kojih skupina B sadrži najvažnije (najprimjenjivije) tehnike bacanja u judo borbi, a grupa A manje važne tehnike. Daljnjom analizom utvrđene su tri podgrupe unutar skupine B te dvije podgrupe bacanja unutar skupine A. Dobivena klasifikacija jasno razlikuje bacanja prema njihovoj važnosti i primjenjivosti te daje jasniji uvid u strukturu tehnika bacanja u judu. Rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu koristiti trenerima u odabiru najracionalnijih metoda za tehničku i taktičku pripremu judaša te za kreiranje novog, modernog, pristupa treningu juda