Psihoneuroimunološki aspekti kožnih bolesti

As mental and psychological issues are important in the development of many dermatologic diseases, these factors are of special interest in research. Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body, and it was comprehensively described for the first time about 30 years ago. Communication between the mind and the skin involves the psycho-immuno-endocrine-cutaneous system, encompassing the activities of the brain, the immune system and the skin, with participation of different neuropeptides, interleukins, and immune system messengers. Many common dermatologic diseases have some form of psychomediated pathogenesis that partially accounts for the development of skin lesions. There is a link between emotional stressors (acute or chronic), psychiatric diseases, and dermatoses (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, viral warts, herpes simplex, vitiligo, acnes, alopecia, prurigo, etc.) and different cytokines and mediators produced in the skin and involved in their pathogenesis. A prominent role is played by those agents that belong to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.S obzirom na to da su mentalne i psihološke značajke važne u razvoju mnogih dermatoloških bolesti, ovi čimbenici su od posebnog interesa za istraživanja. Psihoneuroimunologija obuhvaća međudjelovanje psiholoških procesa, živčanog i imunog sustava te ljudskog tijela, a prvi put je jasno opisana prije oko 30 godina. Komunikacija između psihe i kože uključuje psihološki-imuni-endokrini-kožni sustav obuhvaćajući aktivnosti mozga, imunog sustava i kože, uza sudjelovanje različitih neuropeptida, interleukina i posrednika imunog sustava. Mnoge česte dermatološke bolesti imaju neki oblik psihološki uvjetovane patogeneze koja dijelom doprinosi razvoju kožnih promjena. Pritom postoji veza između emocionalnih stresora (akutnih ili kroničnih), psihijatrijskih bolesti i dermatoza (npr. psorijaza, atopijski dermatitis, urtikarija, akne, virusne bradavice, herpes simpleks, vitiligo, alopecia, prurigo itd.) te različitih citokina i medijatora stvorenih u koži koji su uključeni u njihovu patogenezu. Istaknutu ulogu imaju tvari koje pripadaju osi hipotalamus-hipofiza-nadbubrežna žlijezda