CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS IN GOAT BREEDING IN THE WORLD AND CROATIA

Hrvatska šarena koza i hrvatska bijela koza su izvorne pasmine nastale na specifičnom autohtonom podneblju. Vrlo su skromne u pogledu hranidbe i uvjeta držanja, otporne su na bolesti te prilagođene kretanju po strmom i krševitom području gdje iskorištavaju oskudnu vegetaciju. Hrvatska šarena koza najbrojnija je pasmina koza u Hrvatskoj koja se, unatoč kombiniranim proizvodnim svojstvima (meso/mlijeko), uglavnom uzgaja za proizvodnju kozjeg mesa, prvenstveno mlade jaretine i kozje kaštradine. Tradicionalni ekstenzivni način uzgoja hrvatske šarene koze odražava se i na proizvodne odlike, kako pojedinih grla tako i cijelog stada, zbog čega su proizvodni rezultati ove pasmine znatno skromniji u usporedbi s rezultatima drugih pasmina visokog genetskog potencijala uzgajanih u intenzivnim uvjetima. Hrvatska bijela koza je znatno mliječnija od hrvatske šarene koze. Proizvodnja mlijeka hrvatske bijele koze je sezonskog karaktera što se nepovoljno odražava na iskoristivost prerađivačkih kapaciteta. Drži se da je genetski kapacitet za proizvodnju mlijeka znatno veći te da bi selekcija na mliječnost i povećanje količine, sastava i kakvoće obroka imalo pozitivan učinak na proizvodne rezultate.Croatian indigenous goat breeds, bred in the specific native environment, are the Croatian Spotted Goat and Croatian White Goat. They are very modest in terms of feeding and housing conditions, resistant to diseases and adapted to the movement on the steep and rocky area, where they exploit sparse vegetation. The Croatian Spotted Goat is the most numerous goat breed in Croatia, which is mainly cultivated for the production of goat meat, primarily goat kid meat and goat castradina, regardless of a combined production traits (meat/ milk).Traditional extensive breeding practices for the Croatian Spotted Goats also reflects on the production value of a single throat and the entire herd, which is why the production results of this breed are much more modest than the results of other breeds with high genetic potential generated and grown in intensive conditions. The Croatian White Goatgives more milk thanCroatian Spotted Goat. The milk production of Croatian White Goat is seasonal, which affects the utilization of processing capacities. It is believed that the genetic capacity of milk production is much higher and that selection of milk production and an increase in volume, composition and quality of the meals could give much better production results