Učestalost goveđeg mastitisa u pokrajini Maiduguri Borno u Nigeriji.

Mastitis in cows was investigated by surveying a number of herds located within and around Maiduguri, Nigeria. Five thousand cows (in lactation and dry) were examined. The prevalence of mastitis was assessed by the results of physical examinations of the mammary gland by palpation, and by evaluation of milk secretion. Bacteriological examination also was carried out on all milk samples collected from affected cows, as well as some selected control cows. One hundred and four (2.1%) of the 5,000 cows examined showed evidence of clinical mastitis. There was no significant difference in the number of quarters affected in relation to their anatomical positions (fore- and hindquarters). The survey revealed that the majority of cases occurred in cows between 4 and 7 years of age and that the incidence declined as the animals became older. One hundred and fifty-four apparently normal cow udders (53%) contained bacterial pathogens. On a cultural examination of 104 milk samples from affected cows, the recovery rate was 77%. Staphylococcus aureus (34.6%) occurred most frequently in the mastitic milk, followed by coagulase negative staphylococci (15.4%). Other bacteria isolated from mastitic cows milk were Streptococcus sp. (9.6%); Escherichia coli (6.7%); Actinomyces pyogenes (5.8%); Bacillus spp. (2.9%) and Salmonella sp. (1.9%). The prevalence of bovine mastitis in this area was sufficiently high as to cause substantial economic loss to farmers. It is therefore imperative that measures aimed at prevention and control of the disease (mastitis) be instituted in all the herds.Istraživan je mastitis u krava u nizu stada u i oko pokrajine Maiduguri u Nigeriji. Pregledano je 5.000 krava u laktaciji ili suhostaju. Učestalost mastitisa je ocjenjivana prema rezultatima pregleda vimena palpacijom i pregledom mliječnog sekreta. Uzorci mlijeka prikupljeni od krava bolesnih vimena kao i od nekih odabranih kontrolnih krava pregledani su bakteriološki. Stotinu i četiri (2,1%) od 5.000 pregledanih krava je pokazivalo kliničke znakove mastitisa. Nije bilo značajne razlike u broju zahvaćenih četvrti vimena s obzirom na njihov anatomski položaj (prednje i stražnje četvrti). Pregled je pokazao da se većina slučajeva pojavljivala u krava u dobi od 4 do 7 godina, te da se učestalost smanjivala s dobi životinja. Bakterijski uzročnici pronađeni su u 154 (53%) klinički zdravih kravljih vimena. Bakterije su ustanovljene u 77% od 104 pretražena uzorka mlijeka od zahvaćenih krava. U mlijeku iz vimena s mastitisom najčešće je utvrđen Staphylococcus aureus (34,6%), a slijedili su ga stafilokoki negativni na koagulazu (15,4%). Ostale bakterije utvrđene u mlijeku krava s mastitisom su bile: Streptococcus sp. (9,6%), Esherichia coli (6,7%), Actinomyces pyogenes (5,8%), Bacillus spp. (2,9%) i Salmonella sp. (1,9%). Učestalost mastitisa u ovom području bila je dovoljno visoka da izazove osjetne gospodarske gubitke stočarima. Stoga je neophodno da se uvedu mjere prevencije i kontrole mastitisa u svim stadima