The young islanders\u27 dilema: to stay on the island or to leave The islands of Šibenik area example

U radu je izložena analiza rezultata empirijskog istraživanja predmigracijskog mnijenja mladih o toćana , provedenoga na šibenskim otocima Prvić, Zlarin i Krapanj u travnju 2000. godine . Istraživanjem su obuhvaćena 43 učenika-putnika sa šibenskih otoka (osnovnoškolci i srednjoškolci), prosvjetni djelatnici na otocima i u Šibeniku (učitelji , profesori, pedagozi, ravnatelji), te predstavnici otočne javnosti. Cilj istraživanja bio je spoznati temeljnu dilemu učenika-putnika: je li za njih bolje ostati na otoku ili potražiti neku novu destinaciju u kojoj će se moći profesionalno , statusno i u drugim važnim segmentima života afirmirati. Podaci su prikupljeni metodom ankete i intervjua, a obrađeni su programom za osobna računala . U radu su interpretirani rezultati dobiveni metodom ankete na učenicima-putnicima . Budući da su 43 obuhvaćena učenika-putnika vrlo blizu učeničkoj populaciji ova tri šibenska otoka, ve ć to ukazuje i na osnovni problem većine hrvatskih (pa time i šibenskih) otoka: nedostatak mladog stanovništva i permanentnu depopulaciju. Važnu prednost otoka pred većinom ostalih destinacija čine ekološki resursi. Ekološke prednosti otoka mladi otočani percipiraju mogućim čimbenikom svoga ostanka na njima. Najvećim nedostacima, a time i potisnim čimbenicima , oni izdvajaju nedostatak mladih na otoku i nedovoljnu prometnu povezanost s obalom, osobito noću i u danima vikenda. Preseljenje na kopno nameće se stoga kao realna alternativa. Zbog naslijeđenih obrazaca ponašanja muške i ženske populacije na otocima, a naročito tradicije nasljeđivanja obiteljskog imanja po muškoj liniji, preseljenje zaokuplja mnogo više učenica nego učenika . Nepostojanje kvalitetnijih i raznolikih sadržaja slobodnog vremena, dodatan je potisni čimbenik u migracijama mladih otočana . Mladi sa šibenskih otoka ipak su bliže odlasku nego ostanku, što perspektivu otoka ne čini prosperitetnom. Autori zaključuju da samo jača intervencija države može zaustaviti dosadašnje ne povoljne trendove, te pomoći u rješavanju ove svojevrsne otočne >>kvadrature kruga«.The paper deals with the results of empiric research carried out at the littoral islands of Šibenik (Prvić, Zlarin and Krapanj) in April 2000. The research covered primary and secondaty school pupils travellers from those islands, teachers from the islands and from Šibenik (primaty and secondaty school teachers, educationists, headmasters) and the representatives of island community. The aim of the research covers the pre-migration opinion of the young island population, ttying to perceive their basic dilemma - to stay on the island or to find a new destination where they could establish reputation as professionals as well as in all the other segments of life in status terms. The methods of opinion polls and interviews were used for the research purposes. The data were processed using the computer software. 43 primaty and secondaty school pupils travellers we re submitted to the questioning. The sample was very close to the total number, which indicates the main problem not only of the islands of Šibenik area, but of all the Croatian islands - lack of young population and permanent depopulation. The great advantage of living on islands in relation to the majority of other destinations is their ecological value. Young islanders are aware of the environmental advantages and that could be one of the reasons for their stay. The main disadvantages they point out, and at the same time the pushing factors, are the lack of young people on the island and inadequate ship transport communications, especially during the night and at weekends. Moving to land seems to be a realistic alternative, especially to the female population. Reasons for that could lie in inherited patterns of behaviour that are not the same for female and for male population, due to the »established tradition of inheritance of family estate« . Leisure time and the ways of spending it are important indicators of the manner and quality of life. The islands do not have any attractions or programmes that would enable young people to spend their spare time in a more versatile way, which could also be a significant push factor in their migration activities. Young population of the Šibenik islands are closer to leaving than to stay, which doesn\u27t look like prosperous future for those islands. The authors consider that only the significant governmental intetvention might stop the adverse trends on the islands and »square the circle«