Farmakokinetika ceftazidima u bivolske teladi s vrućicom uzrokovanom lipopolisaharidom bakterije E. coli.

The pharmacokinetic properties of ceftazidime, a third generation cephalosporin, were investigated in experimentally induced febrile buffalo calves (n=5) after a single intravenous administration at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg body weight. The fever was induced by a single/repeated intravenous injection of E. coli lipopolysaccaride (1 μg/kg). Ceftazidime concentrations in the plasma and urine were determined by microbiological assay. Ceftazidime disposition was best fitted by a bi-compartmental open model with first-order elimination. At 2.5 min, the concentration of ceftazidime in the plasma of the febrile animals was 152.3 ± 6.77 μg/mL and the drug was detected up to 14 h. The elimination half-life and volume of distribution were 3.73 ± 0.42 h and 0.26 ± 0.05 L/kg, respectively. The distribution half-life, AUC and total body clearance (ClB) were 0.24 ± 0.03 h, 217.3 ± 23.4 μg/mL.h and 47.9 ± 4.57 mL/kg/h, respectively. Urinary excretion of ceftazidime was less than 28 percent after 32 h of administration of the drug in the febrile animals. An efficacy predictor, measured as the time over which the active drug exceeds the bacteria minimum inhibitory concentration (T>MIC), was calculated. T>MIC was 73% of the recommended dosing interval (8h) for bacteria with a MIC90≤4 μg/mL.Farmakokinetička svojstva ceftazidima, cefalosporinskog antibiotika treće generacije, istražena su u febrilne bivolske teladi (n=5) nakon njegove jednokratne intravenske primjene u dozi od 10 mg/kg tjelesne mase. Vrućica je u teladi bila pokusno izazvana jednokratnim odnosno ponovljenim intravenskim davanjem lipopolisaharida bakterije E. coli u dozi od 1 mg/kg. Koncentracija ceftazidima u plazmi i mokraći određena je mikrobiološkim postupkom. Farmakokinetičko ponašanje ceftazidima u febrilnih životija opisano je u dva modela. Za 2,5 minuta koncentracija ceftazidima u plazmi febrilnih životinja iznosila je 152,3 ± 6,77 μg/mL, a lijek se mogao dokazati sve do 14 sati nakon primjene. Poluvrijeme njegova izlučivanja iznosilo je 3,73 ± 0,42 h, a količina raspodjele 0,26 ± 0,05 L/kg. Poluvrijeme njegove raspodjele bilo je 0,24 ± 0,03 h, površine ispod koncentracijske krivulje u plazmi 217,3 ± 23,4 μg/mL.h, a ukupni klirens iz organizma 47,9 ± 4,57 mL/kg/h. Izlučivanje ceftazidima mokraćom bilo je manje od 28% nakon 32 sata od primjene. Predviđena učinkovitost lijeka, izmjerena kao vrijeme u kojem je aktivna supstancija bila iznad minimalne inhibicijske koncentracije (T>MIC), bila je 73% od preporučenog razmaka primjene (8h) za bakterije s MIC90≤4 μg/mL