Acquisition of reflexive verbs in Croatian as a second and foreign language

U radu se raspravlja ovladavanje povratnim glagolima u hrvatskome kao J2. Na početku rada daje se kratki prikaz i podjela povratnih glagola u suvremenim hrvatskim gramatikama i gramatičkome opisu, a potom opisuje način kako se povratnim glagolima pristupa u priručnicima za učenje hrvatskoga kao J2. Istraživanjem se željelo utvrditi razlike u ovladavanju pojedinim skupinama povratnih glagola i utjecaj izravnoga poučavanja na ovladanost povratnosti: naučenost i usvojenost. Početna je pretpostavka da će se glagoli iz skupine pravih povratnih glagola lakše usvojiti nego ostali povratni glagoli. Provjeravalo se i kako poučavanje utječe na ispitanike različitoga stupnja poznavanja hrvatskoga. Sudionici su polaznici individualne nastave hrvatskoga kao J2 kojima je engleski materinski ili prvi jezik. Trebali su opisati radnje na slikama služeći se jednostavnim rečenicama sa subjektom i predikatom. Neke su od slika zahtijevale povratne glagole sa zamjenicom se, druge povratne glagole sa česticom se, a treće su tražile nepovratne glagole. Razina usvojenosti povratnih glagola mjerila se u tri vremenske točke: prije i neposredno poslije poučavanja te nakon mjesec dana.This study analyses the acquisition of different types of reflexive verbs in Croatian as a second and foreign language. Since there are a few different classifications of reflexive verbs in modern Croatian grammar, a brief overview of them is given in the first part of the study, followed by a description of different presentations of reflexive verbs found in course books for Croatian as a second language. The goal of this study is to determine possible differences in acquisition of reflexive verbs according to their features. The hypothesis is that Croatian reflexive verbs which are accompanied with the reflexive enclitic pronoun se are easier to acquire than other types of reflexive verbs, such as those that are accompanied with se in some other function. The participants are Croatian foreign and second language learners attending individual classes. Their first language is English. Their task in the study was to describe actions on pictures using simple subject --- verb construction. Some of the actions required using reflexive verbs with se as a pronoun, some using reflexive verbs from other groups, while some were to be described using non-reflexive verbs. The accuracy of the use of each type of reflexive verb was measured at three different points in time and the results for each subject were compared and discussed