On Catholic Restoration and Education in Territories of Senj, Modruš and Zagreb Diocese in the Seventeenth Century

Pod katoličkom obnovom u ovom slučaju podrazumijevam široko shvaćeni proces oporavka katoličke crkve. Kriza katoličke crkve se počela rješavati Tridentskim saborom (1545.-1563.). U ovom radu je sažeto predstavljena obrada katoličke obnove i njezine veze s obrazovanjem na prostoru od Jadrana do rijeka Mure i Drave odnosno Senjsku, Modrušku i Zagrebačku biskupiju i to onaj dio koji su činili “ostaci ostataka” Hrvatsko-slavonskog kraljevstva početkom 17. stoljeća. Odredbe Tridentskog sabora su se na prostoru triju krajišta počele provoditi u praksu katoličke crkve većinom tek u 17. stoljeću. Osobitu važnost u procesu katoličke obnove igralo je obrazovanje, što je naglašeno u radu. Krajem 16. stoljeća, a do sredine 17. stoljeća u većini župa su osnovane župne pučke škole iz kojih su dijelom novačeni kandidati za buduće svećenike. Temeljni cilj ovih škola je bio širenje katoličkog katekizma među pukom. U 17. stoljeću je katolička crkva počela intenzivno organizirati srednje školstvo usmjerno obrazovanju svečenićkog podmlatka. Na prostoru hrvatskih zemalja isusovci su imali važnu ulogu u razvitku obrazovanja. Oni su na prostore hrvatskih zemalja došli kao propovjednici i nosioci katoličke obnove, a njihovi samostani su postali žarišta intelektualnog, kulturnog i religioznog života. Početkom 17. stoljeća glavna uporišta isusovaca važna za Zagrebačku, Senjsku i Modrušku županiju bila u Zagrebu, Varaždinu i Rijeci. Za školovanje svećenika je početkom 17. stoljeća od najveće važnosti bilo sveučilište u Grazu, no važnost su imala i druga europska sveučilišta. Moguće je zaključiti da su početkom 17. stoljeća procesi katoličke obnove i jačanja obrazovanja bili međusobno povezani.The ‘catholic restoration’ in this case is a widely accepted process of recuperation and rebuilding of the Catholic Church. The Trident Council (1545.-1563.) helped the church crisis to dissolve and a process of recuperation to start.. This paper is an abridged presentation of Catholic revival and its connection to education in the wider region from the Adriatic Sea up to River Mura and River Drava, or rather, Senj, Modruš and Zagreb Diocese, what was left of them, leftovers” from Croatian-Slavonnian Kingdom in early 17th century. The Trident Council decisions were starting to adhere in Catholic Church practices of these areas as late as the 17th century. A particular importance of this Catholic revival was attributed to education, which has been stressed in this paper. In the period from the late 16th up to mid-17th century, most parishes had parish elementary schools, providing candidates for future priests.. The main reason to start these schools, however, was to spread Catholic Catechism among the population. In 17th century the Catholic Church began intensive work to organize secondary schools, aimed to educate further new priesthood generation. In Croatian territories, Jesuits had an important role in development of education. Here they had come as preachers and foot soldiers of Catholic revival, and their friaries became focuses of intellectual, cultural and religious life. In early 17th century, the main Jesuit strongholds in Zagreb, Senj and Modruš diocese were the cities of Zagreb, Varaždin and Rijeka. The most valued university for priest education in early 17th century was Graz, however, other European universities were important too. We can conclude, that in early 17th century the processes of Catholic restoration and growing education were interlinked