Croatian Academy (from 16th to 18th century) in European Context

Od 16. stoljeća u mnogim se europskim zemljama počelo razmišljati o jezičnoj teoriji. Na javnu su scenu stupili brojni narodni jezici koji su polako počeli preuzimati uloge latinskomu, a svetost je triju jezika, latinskoga, grčkoga i hebrejskoga, preispitivana. Zbog izgrađivanja narodnih jezika bilo je potrebno poraditi na jezičnoj i pravopisnoj normi, odnosno na objavljivanju gramatika i rječnika i dr. U pojačanom zanimanju za jezična, ali i za pitanja iz drugih područja, osnivaju se društva u kojima se okupljaju ljudi istih znanstvenih interesa i koji potiču na znanstveni rad, među ostalim i na bavljenje jezikom. Širom Europe utemeljuju se različite akademije, pa tako i na hrvatskom prostoru. U radu će biti riječi o tim hrvatskim društvima, akademijama koje su radile i na jezičnim pitanjima novoga vijeka u europskom kontekstu. Pokazat će se njihove ideje, ciljevi i postignuća te njihova važnost u rješavanju novovjekovnih jezičnih pitanja među kojima je svakako najvažnije – standardizacija jezika.During the 16th century, language theory became a linguistic research subject in many European countries. Numerous vernaculars were introduced on the public scene and slowly began taking over the role of Latin so the “hollines” of three languages – Hebrew, Latin and Greek, was being questioned. Due to construction of national languages the language norm, orthography, grammar and dictionary publishing etc. became an important task. Thanks to enhanced interest in language and other related matters, societies gathering people with the same scientific interests that stimulate scientific work and linguistic studies among others were founded. Throughout Europe all kinds of academies were established, and so was the case with Croatia, too. This paper deals with such Croatian societies, i.e. academies, which worked on linguistic issues of the Early Modern Era in European context. The paper highlights their ideas, goals and accomplishments, as well as their importance in resolving the language issues of the period, particularly language standardization as the main issue