This debate treats the dilemmas of the Church and theologv in our modern societv, with its special regard to the transition in Slovenia and other postcommunist countries. In the past historv the Slovenians were closelv related to the Catholic Church, which implied even stronger antagonisms and antipathv against the Church from the part of the communists and liberališts. To the Catholics this postcommunist period was a challenge. The postcommunist authoritv opposes the involvement of the Church into our societv and tries to enforce their own ideas of nihilism, which systematically rejects ali values. Therefore, the Church must endeavour to justify their mission on spiritual background with regard to an indMdual as well as in Christian societ...