STRES I PROFESIONALNI ZAMOR KOD ODABRANIH SKUPINA RADNIKA

In the relation of society and technologies the individual man cannot be skipped. Firstly, because he is an integral element of the society. Secondly, technologies essentially influence human\u27s life in direct or indirect way. Every social change, spreading processes and social movements, technological innovations, and even climatic changes - are not indifferent for the man\u27s life and functioning. From the sociological perspective, one accepted thesis that changes that take place in the social macrostructure affect the social microstructure, but the inverse situations also happen when microstructures influence the macrostructure. The man must work to live. All social policy has its own source in working matter. The man derives many advantages from work e.g. financial means, the possibility of the self-realisation, the consciousness of the active presence in the social life etc. However work can determine also for man the source of torment, especially when certain problems appear, e.g. low salaries, difficult working conditions, discrimination of workers\u27 rights, excessive demanding or lack of the opportunity of promotion. Stress and professional burn-out of workers become the negative result of the relation man - work. The phenomenon of stress and professional burn-out spreads more and more. The most alarming fact is that new categories of workers experience stress and professional burn-out. In this connection classical theories of professional burn-out which appealed only to menial occupations, so to those whose essence is to serve to another man, lose their meaning. Nowadays the professional burn-out does not limit only to welfare workers, teachers, nurses or doctors, but includes policemen, customs officers, military pilots or actors. The list of occupations can be expanded. Similarly it is with professional stress. Analysing the literature properly there is no such occupation, whereof stress was eliminated. It may be only less than in other occupations, but unfortunately it accompanies every profession. The article pays attention on stress and professional burn-out as the syndrome of people of work. It is proper to point out even on selected groups of workers that experience stress whose the most painful consequence is the professional burn-out. Factors that generate stress, its symptoms and results seem to be essential. Besides, one should think out on ways of its preventing. XXI century will certainly enroll into the history of the working people’s world as the period of professional stress.Kada promatramo odnos društva i tehnologije, pojedinac ne može biti zanemaren. Kao prvo, zato što je on sastavni dio društva. Kao drugo, tehnologija neminovno na direktan ili indirektan način vrši utjecaj na život pojedinca. Svaka društvena promjena, procesi koji se šire i društveni pokreti, tehnološke inovacije, pa čak i klimatske promjene – nisu nevažne za ljudski život i djelovanje. Iz sociološkog aspekta, postoji teza da promjene koje se događaju u društvenoj makrostrukturi utječu na društvenu mikrostrukturu, ali postoji i obrnuta situacija kad mikrostruktura utječe na makrostrukturu. Čovjek mora raditi da bi preživio. Čovjek od rada ima mnoge prednosti; financijska sredstva, mogućnost samoaktualizacije, utjecaj aktivnog postojanja u društvenom životu. Isto tako, za čovjeka rad može biti i izvor mučenja, osobito kada se pojave određeni problemi, npr. niske plaće, loši uvijeti rada, kršenje radničkih prava, pretjerani zahtijevi ili nemogućnost napredovanja na poslu. Stres i profesionalni zamor radnik€a ima negativan učinak na odnos čovjek –posao. Fenomen stresa i profesionalnog zamora se sve više i više širi. Najzabrinjavajuća je činjenica da sve šire kategorije radnika doživljavaju stres i profesionalni zamor. Klasične teorije profesionalni zamor spominju najčešće vezano uz fizički rad i poslove čiji je smisao služiti drugima. Danas se profesionalni zamor ne veže samo za zanimanja socijalnih radnika, medicinskih sestara i liječnika, također su uključeni i policajci, uslužni radnici, vojni piloti i glumci. Ova lista se lako može proširiti. Slična je situacija sa profesionalnim stresom. Ako se pažljivo analizira literatura, vidi se da ne postoji zanimanje u kojemu nema stresa. Stres može biti samo manji nego li u nekom drugom zanimanju, ali nažalost on prati svaku profesiju. Rad se bavi stresom i profesionalnim zamorom kao sindromom ljudskog rada. Važno je naglasiti da čak i kod odabranih grupa radnika koji doživljavaju stres na poslu, najbolnija je posljedica profesionalni zamor. Pritom su najvažniji faktori koji generiraju stres, njegove simptome i posljedice. Svatko treba razmišljati o prevenciji.Dvadeset i prvo stoljeće biti će obilježeno profesionalnim stresom koji se pojavljuje kod različitih zanimanja