WAR AND ENVIRONMENT

U radu se razmatraju utjecaji suvremenog rata na okoliš. Prvi dio rada donosi koncept rata u vidu kratkog prikaza društvene misli o ratu, te se obrazlaže pojam okoliša kao cjelokupnost prirodnog i socijalnog okruženja. Odnosi rata na okoliš analiziraju se kroz četiri konkretna rata, od kojih je kod svakoga naglašena specifična manifestacija na okoliš. Na primjeru Vijetnamskog rata ukazuje se kako destrukcija okoliša može biti u okviru ratnih operacija i poslužiti kao ratna strategija. Rat u Perzijskom zaljevu izdvojen je kao primjer u kojem je okoliš bio predmet prijetnji, te se pokazuje kako u ratnim operacijama okoliš može biti teroriziran. S obzirom na to da okoliš uključuje kulturnu baštinu i socijalni kontekst, izdvojili smo Irački rat kao slučaj kulturocida, a Domovinski rat kao primjer dugotrajne socijalne nedostupnosti i opasnosti okoliša zbog onečišćenja minama. U radu se također ukazuje na razvitak ratnih sredstava i načina djelovanja koja postaju sve razornija i invazivnija, čime se u okolišu manifestiraju s dugoročnim, lančanim posljedicama. U zaključnom dijelu rada utjecaji rata na okoliš konfrontiraju se utjecajima mirnodopskih, svakodnevnih djelatnosti čovjeka, te se rat promatra kao rizik modernosti u kontekstu teorije U. Becka.The paper discusses the influences of modern war on environment. The first part presents the concept of war as short review of social thought on war, as well as the explanation of the term of environment figured out as overall of natural and social surroundings. The influences of war on environment are analyzed on examples of four particular wars, each of them marked out by the specific manifestation on environment. The example of Vietnam War shows how destruction of environment can be under war operations and serves as war strategy. The war in Persian Gulf was selected as an example of how environment could be used as the mean of threat, and how it could be terrorized. As environment includes cultural heritage and social context, the Iraq war is observed as case of culturocide, and the Croatian war of independence as an example of how environment become social unavailable and dangerous because of land mine contamination. It is also pointed on the development of war means and techniques as becoming more destructive and invasive, manifesting in environment with long term and chain of consequences. In conclusion influences of war on environment are confronted to the influences of everyday, peacetime human activities, as well as war is regarded as risk of modernization in the context of U. Beck’s theory