Some indicators for planning dimensions of town-settlement centre

U suvremenom gradu, zbog dinamičnog demografskog i prostornog rasta, strukturiraju se manje osnovne urbanističke planske jedinice sa svojim centrima i pod centrima. Istraživanjem centara gradskih naselja veličine 5.000-12.000 stanovnika utvrđeno je ovo: - Među tipičnim funkcijama centra gradskog naselja (trgovina, ugostiteljstvo, kultura i zabava, zdravstvo, uslužno zanatstvo, poslovanje i administracija) najznačajnija je trgovina. Stanovnici gradskih naselja robu kupuju u centru naselja, a neku u glavnom centru grada ili drugdje po gradu. - Centar gradskog naselja optimalno je locirati što bliže težištu naseljenosti. - Svugdje se afirmirala ideja da se iz ulice u centru gradskog naselja isključi kolni promet i ostavi samo pješački. Dimenzije te ulice ne smiju biti prevelike. Ispravna lokacija stanice javnog prijevoza bitno utječe na funkcioniranje centra gradskog naselja. Istraživanjem su utvrđeni dovoljno pouzdani indikatori za dimenzioniranje centra gradskog naselja, izraženi u odnosu premajediničnom broju stanovnika ilipremajedinicipovršine, te indikatoriza dimenzioniranje sadržajnih struktura centra. Posebno su analizirani centri zagrebačkih naselja Trnsko i Zapruđe.Due to dynamism in population and spacial growth modern town isusually divided in to smaller integralparts,i.e. small urban units with their centres and subcentres. This research work considers town-centres of local importance, i. e. centres of town-settlements, varying from 5000 to 12.000 inhabitants. Trade is the most important function among the typical functions of the centre of a neighborhood unit (the others are catering, culture and entertainment, public health, senices, business and administration). The research work has established the fact that the inhabitants of a neighborhood unit always buy some goods in centre of this unit and some in the main town-centre or somewhere else in the town. The best location for the centre of a neighborhood unit is the nearest point to the most densely populated part, but at the same time it must be accessible from all parts. The distance from the flat to the centre is usually planned to be 500 m. Traffic system in a neighborhood unit and its centre is characterized by coexistence of two traffic subsystems: pedestrian and road traffic. The idea of pedestrian street in the centre ofa neighborhood unit, without road traffic, has won recognition everywhere. Dimensions of this street are not allowed to be very large, so that people could feel comfortable in that kind of space. Right location for the transport station can essentially influence the way the centre of the unit functions. Further, the research work has established reliable indicators in planning the centre ofa neighborhood unit, related to the number of inhabitants or to the unit ofthe area. In addition, some indicators for planning contentsstructures for the centre have been established. Particularly the centres of neighborhood units Trnsko and Zapruđe in Zagreb were analyzed. Comparing these two centres with parallel examination of some hypotheses in suney and observation, the results were achieved and they make possible the revision of the procedures known so far