Toxins fusarium spp. and other toxins (II. part)

Mikotoksini u malim količinama predstavljaju opasnost za zdravlje ljudi i životinja. Današnje precizne analitičke metode, toksikološka ispitivanja mikotoksina, ciljano praćenje unosa pojedinih mikotoksina, samo potvrđuju potencijalni rizik za zdravlje. Nedovoljan broj epidemioloških ispitivanja u nas o povezivanju mikotoksina s posljedicama po zdravlje ljudi i životinja kao i o sinergističkom djelovanju raznih mikotoksina, ostavlja otvorena brojna pitanja. Unos mikotoksina ispod tolerantne dnevne količine ne znači i smanjenu opasnost po zdravlje čovjeka i životinja, posebno i zbog drugih štetnih tvari koje se mogu naći uz mikotoksine. Fusarium plijesni uništavaju značajne količine žitarica prije žetve i tijekom stavljanja u silose. Njihovi toksini se ne svrstavaju u posebno toksične, ali su ipak u zadnje vrijeme posebno dobro ispitivani u EU. Na tom području Hrvatska mora organizirano pristupiti utvrđivanju količina mikotoksina u hrani i hrani za životinje uz dobro iskorištenje analitičkih kapaciteta, a za stvarnu procjenu rizika.Mycotoxins at low levels represent a risk to both human and animal health. The currently available and precise methods of analysis, mycotoxin toxicity tests and target monitoring of the intake of individual mycotoxins only confirm the potential risk to health. There are still many open questions because of the insufficient number of epidemiological studies in our country on the interconnection of mycotoxins and their impact on human and animal health and on the synergetic action of different mycotoxins. The intake of mycotoxins below the tolerant daily dose does not mean that the risk to human and animal health is thus reduced, especially when considering that other harmful substances may accompany mycotoxins. Fusarium fungi destroy significant amounts of cereals both before harvest and after silage. Their toxins are not classified as particularly toxic, although recently they have been thoroughly investigated in the EU. The task of Croatia in this field is to undertake organised activities for the determination of mycotoxin levels in food and feed and to utilise well the capacities of its analytical laboratories in order to make an accurate assessment of potential hazards