This paper tries to examine theoretical and empirical literature on the existence of a relationship between trade policies and economic growth. Two transitional economies, Belarus and Lithuania, have been chosen as a basis for the analysis of the effects of the respective trade policies on economic growth. Both economies are small, but their trade policies and rates of economic growth differ. Lithuania enjoys free trade, while Belarus\u27 trade policy is characterized by strong government interference. Rates of economic growth have recently mostly been positive in both economies, but Belarussian have proven stronger than Lithuanian. Nevertheless, neither the policies that helped reach high rates of economic growth in Belarus nor the environ...