DAS LEBEN DER JUGENDLICHEN, VORBEREITUNGEN ZUR EHE UND EHESCHLIEßUNG AM RÜCKEN DES SENJSKO BILO (SENJER BERGRÜCKEN)

U radu se iznose rezultati terenskoga istraživanja studentica etnologije na obroncima Senjskog bila tijekom 2002. i 2003., kojim se nastojalo dobiti bolji uvid u predsvadbene i svadbene običaje primorskih Bunjevaca. Prilog je podijeljen na tri cjeline: prva obuhvaća predbračni život mladih i izbor bračnog druga, u drugoj su obrađeni prosidba, zaruke i običaj pavenke, a treća opisuje tijek svadbe, mladin miraz te vjerovanja gatanja vezana uz svadbene običaje. Prikupljena građa polazište je za daljnja istraživanja tradicijske kulture primorskih Bunjevaca, ali i za komparaciju opisanih pojava s elementima zastupljenim u kulturi ostalih bunjevačkih grana.In the article ‘Youth’s life, preparation for wedding and the contract of marriage on the side of Senj’s ridge’ was published material collected through field work taken from the coastal Bunjevci areas of: Jaruga, Donji Lopci, Gornji Lopci, Krmpotići, Ljubežine, Stolac, Rončević Dolac, Alan, Liskovac and Žukalj. Based on questionnaires about pre-marriage and wedding customs, but also using non-structural interview techniques where the interviewees have the chance to share their own experiences about wedding events in this region, without extra questioning or suggestions, which every work without questionnaire inevitable must include, researchers collected the most possible data about this as yet not fully discovered area. The first part of the article starts with the presentation of pre-marital life, which includes subjects as: the behavior of girls and boys, how they introduced each other, illegitimate children and contraception. After this was how they choose their partners and the following subjects: the meaning of marriage, the correct age for marrying, how to choose a partner, the desirable characteristics of future partners, the relationship between a village’s endogamy and exogamy, the barriers between the contraction of marriage, the contract of marriage by rule of age inside a family, unmarried men and women, homosexual relationships, multiple marriage contractions between two homes (brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law), uxorial-local living and the marriages of widows and widowers. The second part describes the customs which anticipate a wedding: customs before the marriage proposal, the marriage proposal, engagement, notice and announcement of marriage, the invitation to the wedding and the collecting and preparing of food for the wedding. Also presented here is also how the future couple before their wedding, the time of wedding and duration of the ceremony as well as the list of the wedding guests. This part concludes with the customs of ‘pavenka’, the making of wedding wreath and the hen night’s customs. The last part of the article contains the following subjects: the wedding procedure, the dowry, beliefs and fortune telling connected to the wedding customs. The chapter ‘The wedding procedure’ includes description of the bride and groom’s preparation for their wedding, where the wedding guests assemble, the custom of taking the bride to the church, the church wedding, the wedding procession, the wedding feast and customs after the wedding. The stories are mostly related to the period during and immediately after WWII. Only a few of them are related to the first half of 20th century. The turning point in these customs comes in 1970’s when most of the Bunjevci population moved to the towns and cities. The research could not continue because of the depopulation of the researched localities. Nevertheless, whenever it was possible the wedding customs were observed among the Bunjevci who now live in the town of Senj. Further insight into specific traditions and cultures of the coastal Bunjevci could be taken through the research of present customs among other groups of the population still in the coastal region. The collected data could be a good starting point for the future investigation of the traditional culture of the coastal Bunjevci but can also be used in comparison for other Bunjevci peoples’ customs.Aufgrund eines Fragebogens der mit vorhochzeitlichen und hochzeitlichen Sitten gebunden und mit Technik des unstrukturierten Interviews (ohne die zugegebenen Fragen und Suggestionen) geschrieben war, bemühten sich die Erforscherinnen je mehr Daten über diese ungenügend ausgeforschte Problematik zu sammeln. Der erste Teil beginnt mit Darstellung des vorehelichen Lebens der Jugendlichen (Verhalten der Mädchen und der Jungen, Bekanntschaften, uneheliche Kinder, Schwangerschaftsverhinderung, Endogamie und Exogamie, homosexuelle Beziehungen, u. ä. Im zweiten Teil werden Sitten beschrieben die der Brautwerbung und der Ehe vorausgehen, Verlobung, kirchliche Ankündigung der Ehe (napovid), Einladung zur Hochzeit, Vorbereitung der Speisen für die Hochzeit, u.ä. Der dritte Teil besteht aus folgenden Themen: Hochzeitsverlauf, Ausstattung, mit der Ehe gebundene Wahrsagen. Die Erzählungen beziehen sich am meisten an die Periode des 2. Weltkriegs. Es wird betont, dass eine Wendung in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts stattgefunden hat, als die meisten Bunjevacer aus diesem Gebiet nach die Städte zogen. Wegen der Entvölkerung dieser Gegend konnte man viele beschriebene Sitten in den besuchten Lokalitäten nicht weiter beobachten. Aber, wenn das möglich war, bemühten sich die Forscherinnen die mit der Hochzeit gebundenen Sitten bei den in Senj angesiedelten Bunjevacer zu erforschen. Am Ende schließen die Autorinnen Folgerung, dass sehr nötig wäre weitere Besonderheiten der traditionellen Sitten bei den Bunjevacer in anderen küstenländischen Gebieten zu erforschen