Clinical manifestations of infection caused with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in otorhinolaryngology

Prve informacije o AIDS-u (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) pojavile su se u literaturi 1981. godine u SAD. Otada su oboljeli registrirani po cijelom svijetu te se s pravom može govoriti o pandemiji bolesti. Samo u SAD registrirano je oko milijun oboljelih osoba. U osnovi bolesti nastale HIV-om je imunodeficijencija uzrokovana nedostatkom pomocnickih i inducirajucih T-limfocita. Svaki drugi bolesnik s AIDS-om javlja se s nekim od simptoma bolesti lokaliziranim na glavi i vratu. Stoga je poznavanje klinicke slike i tijeka bolesti važno, ne samo radi prepoznavanja novooboljelih i njihove pravodobne dijagnosticke obrade vec i radi što ranijeg pocetka lijecenja te poduzimanja epidemioloških mjera zaštite širenja bolesti. Uz osnovno lijecenje trojnom antivirusnom terapijom, prijeko je potrebno i simptomatsko lijecenje te lijecenje brojnih i cestih komplikacija, koje spadaju u djelokrug rada otorinolaringologa i maksilofacijalnog kirurga.The first information on AIDS (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) appeared in USA literature in 1981. Since then, contracted patients of this disease have been registered all over the world, and it can, with good reason, be considered as a pandemic disease. There are approximately one million registered patients in the USA only. The disease that developed through HIV infection is immunodeficiency caused by a deficiency of auxiliary and inducted T lymphocytes. Every second patient with AIDS reports some of the symptoms of the disease localized in the head and neck. Therefore, knowing the clinical picture and development of the disease is important not only for recognizing newly affected patients and their timely diagnostic analysis, but also for beginning with early treatment and undertaking epidemiological protection measures against disease spreading. Basic treatment requires the triple anti virus therapy, while symptomatic treatment and the treatment of numerous and frequent complications that belong in the otorhinolaryngological and maxilofacial surgeon’s sphere of work are also indispensable