REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

Cerebralna paraliza je bolest kod koje dolazi do teških neuromotornih poteškoća kod djece. Označava skupinu neprogresivnih, ali promjenjivih motoričkih poremećaja koji dovode do oštećenja kod djeteta. Mnogo faktora može uzrokovati oštećenje mozga te tako može doći do cerebralne paralize. Klinička slika cerebralne paralize razlikuje se od djeteta do djeteta, kao i samo liječenje i rehabilitacija. Rehabilitacijski proces je dugotrajan postupak te mora biti individualan. Terapijom se pokušava ostvariti cilj, a to je smanjiti komplikacije koje mogu doći zbog cerebralne paralize te dodatno educirati dijete i roditelje u daljnjoj rehabilitaciji. Kako bi djetetu olakšali život i igru potrebno je terapiju započeti što ranije. Rehabilitacija djeteta s cerebralnom paralizom traje 24 sata dnevno, do kraja života. Cilj ovog preglednog rada je prikazati rehabilitaciju kod djece koja boluju od cerebralne paralize. Prikazati određene terapijske postupke kod rehabilitacije te ih pobliže opisati, kao što su Vojta terapija, Bobath koncept, hidroterapija, Petoova terapija kod djece s cerebralnom paralizom, terapijsko jahanje te radna i govorna terapija. Također, prikazati će se normalan razvoj djeteta, te do kakvih abnormalnosti dolazi kada se dijagnosticira cerebralna paraliza, etiologija cerebralne slike, koja je klinička slika te oblici bolesti.Cerebral palsy is a disorder in which severe neuromotor difficulties occur in children. It indicates a group of non-progressive, variable motor disorders that lead to impairments. Multiple factors can cause brain damage and lead to cerebral palsy. The clinical picture of cerebral palsy varies from child to child, as does treatment and rehabilitation itself. The rehabilitation is a long process that must be individualized. The therapy aims to reduce the complications that can occur due to cerebral palsy and educate the child and their parents in further rehabilitation. In order to make life and play easier for the child, it is necessary to start the therapy as early as possible. Rehabilitation of a child with cerebral palsy lasts 24 hours a day, for the rest of their life. This review paper aims to present rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy, to demonstrate certain therapeutic procedures in rehabilitation and describe them in more detail, such as Vojta therapy, Bobath concept, hydrotherapy, Petoo's therapy in children with cerebral palsy, therapeutic riding, and occupational and speech therapy. The normal development of children will also be presented, as well as the abnormalities that can occur with cerebral palsy diagnosis, the aetiology of the cerebral picture, the clinical picture and the forms of the disease