Activities of a nursein prevention of acute complications of type 1 diabetes

Šećerna bolest (lat. diabetes mellitus) je kronična i progresivna bolest od koje boluje nekoliko stotina milijuna ljudi na svijetu. Šećerna bolest posljedica je poremećaja metabolizma ugljikohidrata, masti i bjelančevina koja rezultira hiperglikemijom, temeljem koje se postavlja dijagnoza. Najčešće akutne komplikacije šećerne bolesti tipa su dijabetička ketoacidoza, hiperosmolarno stanje, acidoza mliječnom kiselinom, hipoglikemijska kriza. U terapiji šećerne bolesti edukacija je ključni element. Kvaliteta postignute skrbi za oboljele ovisi o pravilnoj prehrani i terapiji, pomagalima za terapiju i samokontrolu, znanju, vještinama i edukativnim sposobnostima zdravstvenih djelatnika, ali i oboljelih. Važna uloga medicinske sestre, edukatora, je provođenje edukacije pacijenta uz procjenu izvođenja praktično usvojenih znanja, o čemu ćemo govoriti u ovom završnom radu.Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and progressive disease that affects several hundred million people worldwide. Diabetes is the result of a disorder in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins that results in hyperglycemia, on the basis of which the diagnosis is made. The most common acute complications of type 1 and 2 diabetes are diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar condition, lactic acid acidosis, hypoglycemic crisis. In the treatment of diabetes the key element is education. The quality of achieved care for the ill patients depends on proper nutrition and therapy, aids for therapy and self-control, knowledge, skills and educational abilities of health professionals, but also the ill patients. An important role of the nurse, educator, conducting patient education with the assessment of the implementation of practically acquired knowledge, which we will talk about in this thesis