Green facades and roofs

Razvoj suvremenog društva osim mnoštva pozitivnih promjena i napretka na mnogim poljima ljudskog žţivota, za posljedicu ima i sve veći negativan utjecaj na okoliš. Kako bi se smanjile i spriječile štete za okoliš, u svim segmentima poslovanja dolazi do implementacije održivog razvoja. Održivi razvoj predstavlja okvir za oblikovanje politika i strategija kontinuiranog socijalnog i gospodarskog napretka, a bez štete za okoliš i prirodne izvore bitne za ljudske djelatnosti u budućnosti. Zelena gradnja jedan je od aspekata održivog razvoja, a odnosi se na cjelovit, holistički proces osmišljanja, izvedbe, održavanja, korištenja, upravljanja i obnove objekata utemeljen na principu održivosti. Pri tom međunarodni certifikati služe kao mjerilo stupnja „zelenosti“ i uzimaju u obzir iznimno velik broj aspekata, od efikasnog iskorištenja građevinskog zemljišta, zbrinjavanja građevinskog otpada, recikliranja materijala, povezanosti sa susjedstvom i dr. Također, certificiranjem se prate način i količina, te efikasnost potrošnje vode, rješenja vezana za krajobraz i ambijent interijera, odabir i način upotrebe ekoloških materijala, emisija stakleničkih plinova iz objekta, energetska učinkovitost, korištenje obnovljivih izvora energije – u cjelini – funkcionalnost objekta tijekom cjelokupnog životnog ciklusa. U radu su opisane karakteristike zelenih krovova i zelenih fasada koji čine sastavni dio zelene gradnje, te njihov utjecaj na društvo. U cilju što boljeg uvida u problematiku teme razjašnjen je pojam ekološke krize i utjecaj zgradarstva na istu koja je danas itekako prisutna. Naglašava se potreba za očuvanjem i upravljanjem prirodnih resursa, restrukturiranja ekonomskih, društvenih i tehničkih odnosa kako bi se zaštitila prirodna i čovjekova okolina za korištenje sadašnjih i budućih naraštaja. Metodičko poglavlje uključuje analizu nastavnog programa srednje strukovne škole vezane uz temu ovog diplomskog rada i pripremu za izvođenje nastave.The development of modern society, besides bringing about many positive changes and progress in many fields of human life, also results in an increasing negative impact on the environment. In order to reduce and prevent damage to the environment, sustainable development is being implemented in all business sectors. Sustainable development is a framework for shaping policies and strategies for continuous social and economic progress, without harming the environment and natural resources relevant to human activities in the future. Green building is one of the aspects of sustainable development and refers to a complet, holistic process of design, construction, maintenance, use, management, and renovation of buildings based on the principle of sustainability. At the same time, international certificates serve as a measure of the degree of "greenness" and consider various aspects, from efficient use of construction land, construction waste disposal, material recycling, connection with the neighbourhood, etc. Also, certification takes into account the methods, quantity, and efficiency of water consumption, solutions related to the landscape and interior ambience, selection and use of ecological materials, greenhouse gas emissions from the building, energy efficiency, use of renewable energy sources - in general - the functionality of the building throughout its life cycle. This thesis describes the characteristics of green roofs and green facades that constitute an integral part of green construction, and their impact on society, which is divided according to type, construction, advantages, and disadvantages. Also, in order to get a better insight into the issue, the concept of ecological crisis and the impact of buildings thereon, which is ever present today, was clarified. Emphasis is placed on the need to conserve and manage natural resources, restructure economic, social, and technical relations in order to protect the natural and human environment for the needs of present and future generations. Methodological chapter involves an analysis of the curriculum of secondary vocational school related to the topic of this thesis and preparation for teaching