Emotional coping with physical disability

Broj osoba pogođenih nekim oblikom invaliditeta u stalnom je porastu. Invaliditet, nastao kao posljedica oštećenja zdravlja, manifestira se ovisno o organskom sustavu koji je zahvaćen. Tjelesni invaliditet u životu čovjeka može biti uzrokovan prethodnom bolešću ili iznenadnom traumom te kao takav izaziva snažan emocionalni odgovor. Svakoj osobi s tjelesnim invaliditetom važno je pristupiti cjelovito i individualno jer joj samo na takav način možemo pružiti adekvatnu skrb i podršku. Biopsihosocijalni pristup u poimanju tjelesnog invaliditeta je oblik cjelovitog poimanja osobe koji obuhvaća tri važna čimbenika koja utječu na čovjeka, a to su biološki, psihološki i socijalni čimbenici. Pojava tjelesnog invaliditeta izrazito je stresan događaj u životu pojedinca te spada u kategoriju velikih životnih stresova koji rezultiraju razvojem zdravstvene krize. U procesu suočavanja sa zdravstvenom krizom često su narušene emocionalne potrebe osobe koje se očituju pojavom intenzivnih emocionalnih odgovora. Način na koji će osoba reagirati na novonastali invaliditet razlikuje se od osobe do osobe. Faze kroz koje osoba prolazi u tim trenutcima su poricanje, ljutnja, pregovaranje, depresija i u konačnici prihvaćanje. Uz to isprepliću se i brojni drugi emocionalni odgovori. Pojava tjelesnog invaliditeta duboko potresa i obitelj osobe s tjelesnim invaliditetom pri čemu i članovi obitelji također prolaze faze suočavanja s novonastalim promjenama te zahtijevaju podršku. U procesu pružanja sestrinske skrbi i podrške osobama koje se suočavaju s tjelesnim invaliditetom medicinska sestra kroz proces zdravstvene njege osobi i njenoj obitelji pristupa cjelovito i sveobuhvatno. Nakon cjelovite procjene, u suradnji s osobom s invaliditetom medicinska sestra utvrđuje prioritetne probleme i ciljeve koji će doprinijeti zdravom načinu suočavanja s invaliditetom. Kroz svoj rad pruža neposrednu fizičku pomoć osobi, ali i neizostavnu psihološku podršku zajedno s ostalim profilima stručnjaka. Sve navedeno ima za cilj da osobe s tjelesnim invaliditetom ostvare svoj puni potencijal i da budu ravnopravni članovi zajednice i društva u kojem žive.The number of people impacted by some form of disability is constantly increasing. Disabilities occurring as natural consequences of impaired health manifest themselves depending on the affected organ system. Physical disabilities are either caused by existing illness or sudden trauma, and as such they can provoke a strong emotional response. It's important that every person with a physical disability gets a detailed and individual approach, for it's the only way they can receive adequate care and support. Biopsychosocial approach and understanding of physical disability is a form of detailed approach composed of three important factors that greatly affect humans, and those are biological, psychological and social factors. Becoming physically disabled is an extremely stressful event in an individual's life and it falls into the category of the most stressful life events which result in the development of a health crisis. In the process of coping with a health crisis, emotional needs of a person which are manifested through intense emotional responses are often overlooked. The way in which a person will react to their newfound disability is different from one individual to another. The phases an individual will go through in such moments are denial, anger, negotiation, depression, and in the end, acceptance. Numerous other emotional responses can intertwine with all of that. Becoming physically disabled has a deep impact on the family of the disabled individual as well, in which case they also go through the process of dealing with sudden changes and they require support. In the process of giving nursing care and support to people facing physical disabilities, a nurse approaches the individual and their family with detailed and complete care. After a thorough evaluation, a nurse will cooperate with the disabled individual to establish and manage priority problems and goals that will contribute to healthy coping mechanisms. Through their work, a nurse will offer immediate physical assistance as well as psychological support, along with other expertise that will aid in the patient's recovery. All of the above plays a role in the end goal of helping people with physical disabilities in achieving their full potential, and being equal members of their communities and the society they live in