Chemical properties of soil

Tlo je površinski, rahli dio Zemljine kore koji nastaje trošenjem svih vrsta stijena, transportom sitnih fragmenata i taloženjem transportiranih fragmenata i čestica. Tla se dijele nasitnozrnata i krupnozrnata te se međusobno razlikuju po svojstvima. Kakvoća tla je sposobnost tla da pospješi rast biljaka, regulira infiltraciju i raspodjelu oborina te sprječava onečišćenje vode i zraka puferiranjem potencijalnih onečišćujućih tvari. Kakvoća tla razlikuje se od tla do tla. Kakvoća tla određuje se kemijskim, fizikalnim i biološkim svojstvima kao što su sadržaj organske tvari, pH reakcija tla, dubina tla, gustoća tla, poroznost, tekstura i sposobnost zadržavanja vode. Kemijska svojstva tla definira sposobnost opskrbe tla hranjivim tvarima i sposobnost apsorpcije onečišćujućih tvari, a važna su za rast i razmnožavanje biljaka te plodnost tla. Važno je razumjeti kako kemijska svojstva tla utječu na sposobnost tla da oslobađa i skladišti hranjive tvari. Fizikalna svojstva tla su važna za održivu upotrebu tla i za poljoprivredu. Količina i brzina apsorpcije kisika, hranjivih sastojaka i vode ovise o sposobnosti korijena da upije otopinu tla i o sposobnosti tla da opskrbljuje korijenje hranjivim tvarima. Biološka svojstva uključuju sve biljke i životinje koje pripadaju mikro i makro skupinama organizama te imaju veliku ulogu u poljoprivrednoj biljnoj proizvodnji. Složena mreža organizama koja se nalazi u tlu može utjecati na razvoj tla kao i na fizikalna i kemijska svojstva tla.Soil is a surface, loose part of the Earth’s crust that is formed by the wearing of all types of rocks, the transport of small fragments and the deposition of transported fragments and particles. Soils can be divided into fine and coarse grained, and they differ from each other in their properties. Soil quality refers to the ability of soil to boost plant growth, regulate infiltration and distribution of precipitation as well as to prevent water and air pollution by buffering potential pollutants. Soil quality is determined by chemical, physical and biological properties such as the content of organic matter, soil pH, depth, density, porosity, texture and water retention capacity. Chemical properties of soil determine the ability of the soil to be supplied with nutrients and to absorb pollutants. Chemical properties of soil are important for plant growth and reproduction as well as soil fertility. It is important to understand how soil chemical properties affect the ability of soil to release and store nutrients. Physical properties are important for sustainable soil use and for agriculture. The amount and rate of adsorption of oxygen, nutrients and water depends on the ability of soil to supply the roots with nutrients. Biological properties include all plants and animals that belong to micro and macro groups of organisms and play a major role in agricultural plant production. The complex network of organisms found it soil can affect its development as well as physical and chemical properties