Geological Composition of the Area of the Town of Daruvar

Od stvaranja Zemlje do danas različitim procesima oblikovala se Zemljina kora da bi poprimila današnji izgled. Da bi se podatci o geološkoj građi terena, to jest sastav, starost i tektonski odnosi između istih prikazali na karti, napravljene su geološke karte. U topografske su karte uneseni geološki simboli i označene kronostratigrafske jedinice, dodana je litološka legenda, geološki profil te geološki stup. Dijele se na opće i specijalne, a izrađuju ih geolozi kartografi opsežnim istraživanjima terena te laboratorijskom obradom prikupljenih podataka. Koristi ih se u različite svrhe, a građevinari ih često koriste prilikom planiranja izgradnje infrastrukturne mreže, primjerice tunela, odabira vrste temeljenja i drugo. Za područje bivše Savezne Federativne Republike Jugoslavije trenutno je aktualna Osnovna geološka karta SFRJ izrađena u mjerilu 1:100 000 sa popratnim tumačem za svaki pojedini list, koji su bili glavna teorijska osnova za izradu ovog rada. Nakon detaljnog proučavanja lista Daruvar Osnovne geološke karte i pratećeg Tumača, prikazana su dva područja čiji su građa, tektonski odnosi i mineralne sirovine pobliže opisana. Zaključeno je da je područje građeno u dubljim dijelovima na stijenama različite starosti uglavnom sedimentnog karaktera, dok je lice terena prekriveno uglavnom tlom mlađeg postanka na što su bitno utjecale i rijeke koje presijecaju okolno područje.From the creation of the Earth until today, various processes have shaped the Earth's crust to form its' current appearance. In order to show the data on the geological structure of the terrain, ie the composition, age and tectonic relations between units on the map, geological maps were made. Geological symbols and chronostratigraphic units were added into the topographic maps, along with lithological legend, a geological profile and a geological column were added. The maps are divided into general and special, and they are made by geologists and cartographers through extensive field research and laboratory processing of collected data. They are used for various purposes, and civil engineers often use them when planning the construction of an infrastructure network, such as tunnels, choosing the type of foundation and more. Currently accurate geological map for for the area of former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is Basic Geological Map of the SFRY, made at a scale of 1: 100,000 with an accompanying Interpreter for each individual sheet, which were the main theoretical basis for the preparation of this paper. After a detailed study of the sheet „Daruvar“ of the Basic Geological Map and the accompanying Interpreter, the structure, tectonic relations and mineral resources were described for the two areas in more detail. It was concluded that the deeper parts of the area were built on rocks of different age, mostly of sedimentary character, while the face of the terrain is covered mainly with soil of younger origin, which was significantly influenced by the rivers that intersect the surrounding area