Genetic diversity of the populations of endemic Delminichthys species (Cyprinidae, Actinopterygii)

Rod Delminichthys sadrži četiri vrste koje žive na području Hrvatske i Bosne i Hercegovine. To su: imotska gaovica (Delminichthys adspersus Steindachner, 1882), popovska gaovica (Delminichthys ghetaldii Heckel, 1843), jadovska gaovica (Delminichthys jadovensis Zupančič i Bogutskaya, 2002) te krbavska gaovica (Delminichthys krbavensis Zupančič i Bogutskaya, 2002). Ciljevi ovog istraživanja su bili potvrđivanje filogenetskog položaja svih vrsta unutar roda Delminichthys te utvrđivanje njihovih međusobnih srodstvenih odnosa, opisivanje intraspecijske i intrapopulacijske genske raznolikosti, procjena efektivne veličine pojedinih populacija, razine protoka gena između pojedinih populacija te konačno, utvrđivanje mogućih podzemnih migracijskih puteva između populacija istih vrsta. Kako bih analizirao filogenetsku strukturu roda Delminichthys, koristio sam programe MEGA-X, PAUP i Network. Metodama najveće parsimonije (MP), najveće vjerojatnosti (ML) i susjednog povezivanja (MJ) su se analizirale sekvence kontrolne regije (CR) i mitohondrijskog gena citokroma b (cyt b) kako bi se mogla izraditi filogenetska stabla i mreže kojima bi se utvrdila filogenetska struktura ovog roda. Potvrđena je struktura roda na četiri vrste, a pomoću programa DnaSP i MIGRATE su otkriveni visoki genski poliformizam na intraspecijskoj i intrapopulacijskoj razini, efektivne veličine populacija te protok gena između njih.Genus Delminichthys consists of four species that live on the territory of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Those are: spotted minnow (Delminichthys adspersus Steindachner, 1882), southern dalmatian minnow (Delminichthys ghetaldii Heckel, 1843), jadova minnow (Delminichthys jadovensis Zupančič i Bogutskaya, 2002) and krbava minnow (Delminichthys krbavensis Zupančič i Bogutskaya, 2002). The aims of this study were confirming the phylogenetic position of all species within the Delminichthys genus and the phylogenetic relationships between them, the determination of the intraspecific and intrapopulation diversity, the estimation of the effective population sizes, rates of gene flow between the populations and finally, the determination of the possible underground migratory routes between the populations of the same species. In order to analyze the phylogenetic structure of the Delminichthys genus, I used programs MEGA-X, PAUP and Network. The sequences of the control region (CR) and the mitochondrial gene for the cytochrome b (cyt b) were analyzed with the maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and median-joining (MJ) methods in order to build the phylogenetic trees and the networks that would confirm the phylogenetic structure of this genus. I confirmed the structure of four species within the genus, and with the use of the programs DnaSP and MIGRATE, I discovered that the genetic polymorphism on both intraspecific and intrapopulation levels were high, while also determining their effective population sizes as well the gene flow between their populations