Applicability of Jean Jacques Rousseau's educational methods in preschool education institutions

U tradicionalnom pristupu odgoju i obrazovanju djeca su stavljena u pasivnu poziciju. Transmisija je, suprotno heurističkoj metodi, postala temelj poučavanja. Kod takvog odgoja i obrazovanja, dijete je pasivno i njegove potrebe su zanemarene jer se ne izdvaja kao pojedinac. Cilj ovog rada je ponajprije predstaviti ideje Jean-Jacquesa Rousseaua te njegove metode i kurikulum, a zatim i prikazati primjenjivost istih u modernom sustavu predškolskog odgoja unutar ustanova koje se vode nekim alternativnim pedagogijama. Upravo u takvim pristupima pronalazimo i tragove njegovog učenja. Iako je dvojbeno je li on bio utemeljitelj obrazovne teorije usmjerene na dijete, on je nesumnjivo bio jedan od njezinih najutjecajnijih predstavnika. Rousseau se bavi načinom na koji djecu treba obrazovati od djetinjstva (knjiga 1) do muškosti (knjiga 5). Vodeće načelo u ovim knjigama je da djetetova priroda u svakoj fazi razvoja treba odrediti što treba naučiti. Učenje se temelji na teoriji da je čovjek potekao iz prirode i da je iskustveno učenje ono najispravnije.In the traditional approach to education children are placed in a passive position. Transmission, contrary to the heuristic method, became the foundation of teaching. The child is passive and his needs are neglected because he does not stand out as an individual. The aim of this paper is primarily to present the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and his methods and curriculum and then to show their applicability in the modern system of preschool education within institutions that are guided by some alternative pedagogies. It is in such approaches that we find traces of his teaching. Although it is doubtful whether he was the founder of child-centered educational theory, he was undoubtedly one of its most influential representatives. Rousseau deals with the way children should be educated from childhood (book 1) to masculinity (book 5). The guiding principle in these books is that a child’s nature at each stage of development should determine what needs to be learned. Learning is based on the theory that man originated from nature and that experiential learning is the most correct