Physiotherapy approach to children with Down syndrome

UVOD: Najčešći i najpoznatiji kromosomski poremećaj kod ljudi je Downov sindrom, a očituje se viškom jednog kromosoma ili dijela kromosoma u jezgri svake stanice. Budući da postoje tri kopije takvog kromosoma, Downov sindrom naziva se i trisomija 21. POSTUPCI: Za potrebe pisanja ovog diplomskog rada pretraživane su znanstvene baze Hrčak, PubMed i NSK. Uz znanstvene baze pretraživane su i knjige vezane uz temu. PRIKAZ TEME: Zbog dodatnog kromosoma osobe s Downovim sindromom imaju karakteristične osobine, sklonost različitim zdravstvenim problemima te intelektualnu ograničenost. Bitnu ulogu u rješavanju problema ima fizioterapijski pristup koji je usmjeren na poticanje nedovoljno razvijenih elemenata posturalne kontrole, poboljšanje motoričkih vještina i posturalnog tonusa. Glavni je cilj intervencijom omogućiti da dijete što bolje razvije svoje mogućnosti. ZAKLJUČAK: Krajnji i najvažniji cilj je djetetu osigurati sretno i ispunjeno djetinjstvo, uključiti ga u vrtiće i škole te mu omogućiti da donese osmijeh na lice svim osobama u svojoj okolini.INTRODUCTION: The most common and well-known chromosomal disorder in humans is Down syndrome, characterized by an excess of one chromosome or part of a chromosome in the nucleus of each cell. Since there are three copies of such a chromosome, Down syndrome is also called trisomy 21. PROCEDURES: For the purposes of writing this thesis, the scientific databases Hrčak, PubMed and NSK were searched. In addition to scientific search databases, books related to the topic were also consulted and studied. TOPIC REVIEW: Due to the extra chromosome, people with Down syndrome have characteristic traits, a predisposition to various health problems, and intellectual limitations. A physiotherapeutic approach aimed at encouraging underdeveloped elements of postural controls, improving motor skills and postural tone plays an important role in rehabilitation. The main goal is to enable the child to better develop their abilities through intervention. CONCLUSION: The ultimate and most important goal is to ensure a happy and fulfilled childhood, to include a childin kindergartens and schools, and to enable themto bring a smile to the face of all people in their environment