Simulation of sowing with a pneumatic sowing machine in laboratory conditions

Suncokret je jednogodišnja kultura iz porodica glavočika. Zrno suncokreta sadrži oko 50% ulja i 20% proteina. Ulje suncokreta smatra se jednim od najznačajnijih i najfinijih ulja: lako se rafinira, te je lijepe svijetložute boje, prozirno i blagog okusa, te je sastavni dio brojnih jela. Proizvodnja na području RH se obavlja na oko 20-ak tisuća hektara s prosječnim urodom od 2,0 tone po hektaru. Ovim laboratorijskim istraživanjem u Centralnom laboratoriju za poljoprivrednu tehniku, utvrđena je optimalna radna brzina sjetve suncokreta primjenom OLT PSK sijačice. prema preporukama proizvođača koriste se sjetvene ploče promjer ø od 2,75 do 4,00 mm što nam povećava mogućnost pogreške pri odabiru skidača viška sjemena. na položaju „3,25“ te „3,5“ skidača viška sjemena zabilježena su odstupanja od teorijskog razmaka od -6,78 do -8,50 %. pri brzini simulacije od 6 km h-1 ostvaren je najpovoljniji prosječni razmak u sjetvi od 28,58 cm sa odstupanjem od – 4,60 % u odnosu na teorijski razmak.Sunflower is an annual crop from the head family. Sunflower seeds contain about 50% oil and 20% protein. Sunflower oil is considered one of the most important and finest oils: it is easily refined, and has a beautiful light yellow color, transparent and mild taste, and is an integral part of many dishes. Production in the territory of the Republic of Croatia is carried out on about 20 thousand hectares with an average yield of 2.0 tons per hectare. With this laboratory research in the Central Laboratory for Agricultural Engineering, the optimal working speed of sunflower sowing was determined using OLT psk seeder. According to the manufacturer's recommendations, the manufacturers use sowing discs with a diameter of ø from 2.75 to 4.00 mm, which increases the possibility of error when choosing a surplus seed remover. Deviations from the theoretical range of -6.78 to -8.50% were recorded at position "3.25" and "3.5" of the extra seed remover. at a simulation speed of 6 km h-1, the most favorable average sowing distance of 28.58 cm was achieved with a deviation of 4.60% from the theoretical distance