RECIDIVISM AND REINTEGRATION OF PRISONERS INTO SOCIETY

U radu se razmatraju postojeća saznanja o obilježjima recidivizma kao jednog od najizazovnijih kriminoloških problema. Stalni porast recidivizma i kriminala, u svijetu i kod nas, dovodi do sve većeg opterećenja zatvorskih ustanova i sve manje mogućnosti za individualiziran pristup počiniteljima kaznenih djela. Imajući u vidu postojeća kriminološka saznanja, uključujući i nalaze empirijskih studija o odnosu kažnjavanja i recidivizma, može se reći da efektivnost sprečavanja recidivizma ne ovisi samo i u potpunosti o vrsti izrečene kaznene sankcije koliko ovisi o paralelnim procesima koji u fokusu imaju odustajanje osuđenog od kriminalnog ponašanja u budućnosti. S tim u vezi, ukazuje se na značaj primjene adekvatnog penalnog programa tretmana a naročito pužanje obuhvatne poslijepenalne zaštite sa svrhom sprečavanja recidivizma. Socijalni rad jedan je od ključnih dionika koji može odgovoriti na kriminogene potrebe zatvorenika i otpuštenih zatvorenika.This paper discusses the existing knowledge about the characteristics of recidivism as one of the most challenging criminological problems. The constant increase in recidivism and crime, in the world and in our country, leads to an increasing burden on prisons and less opportunities for individualized access to perpetrators. Given the existing criminological knowledge, including the findings of empirical studies on the relationship between punishment and recidivism, it can be said that the effectiveness of recidivism prevention does not depend entirely on the type of criminal sanction imposed but also on parallel processes focusing on the convict's withdrawal from criminal behavior in the future.In this regard, it is pointed out the importance of applying an adequate penal treatment program, and especially the provision of comprehensive post-penal protection in order to prevent recidivism. Social work is one of the key stakeholders that can respond to the criminogenic needs of prisoners and released prisoners