Entomofauna on garden nasturtium and summer savory on family farm Zdenka Dodig

Dragoljub (Tropaeolum majus L.) je brzorastuće, zeljasto i jednogodišnje bilje iz porodice dragoljupki (Tropaeolaceae). Prirodni je antibiotik, a služi i kao lovna biljka za mnoge štetne kukce. Čubar (Satureja hortensis L.) poznata je jednogodišnja zeljasta biljka iz porodice Lamiaceae. Tradicionalno se koristi kao začin i danas se potražnja povećava zbog njegovog širokog potencijala primjene kao prirodnog antioksidansa i antimikrobnog djelovanja. Današnja intenzivna poljoprivrena proizvodnja ugrožena je nedostatkom dozvoljenih sredstava za zaštitu bilja i razvojem rezistentnosti kukaca na insekticide. Dragoljub i čubar mogu biti vrlo korisni u tom smislu, jer mogu djelovati privlačno ili repelentno na brojne štetne kukce. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi sastav i brojnost entomofaune dragoljuba i čubra na ekološkom OPG-u Zdenka Dodig u Gradićima. Istraživanje je provedeno od svibnja do rujna 2021. g. Entomofauna se prikupljala pomoću žutih i plavih ljepljivih ploča i vizualnim pregledima lista svakih 7-10 dana, a obavljao se i pregled tla svakih 14 dana. Prikupljeni uzorci determinirani su do vrste gdje je to bilo moguće. Ukupna brojnost entomofaune prikupljene na dragoljubu iznosila je 38185 jedinki, a na čubru 29164 jedinki. Najveći udio (više od 99 %) na obje kulture činile su jedinke prikupljene pomoću ljepljivih ploča. Na dragoljuvu je determinirano ukupno 15 redova i 70 porodica, dok je na čubru ustanovljeno 12 redova i 64 porodice. Red Thysanoptera zabilježen je u najvećoj brojnosti na obje biljke. Provedeno faunističko istraživanje od velikog je značaja jer predstavlja preliminarno istraživanje entomofaune dragoljuba i čubra u Hrvatskoj. Poznavanje sastava i brojnosti dragoljuba i čubra pridonosi boljem razumijevanju korištenja ovih kultura u biološkoj zaštiti od štetnika.Garden nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) is a fast-growing, herbaceous and annual plant from the family Tropaeolaceae. It is a natural antibiotic and also serves as a trap crop plant for many harmful insects. Summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) is a well-known annual herbaceous plant from the Lamiaceae family. It is traditionally used as a spice and today the demand is increasing due to its wide potential of application as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial action. Today's intensive agricultural production is endangered by the lack of permitted plant protection products and the development of insect resistance to insecticides. Garden nasturtium and summer savory can be very useful in that sense, because they can have an attractive or repellent effect on many harmful insects. The aim of the research was to determine the composition and number of entomofauna of garden nasturtium and summer savory on the ecological family farm Zdenka Dodig in Gradići. The survey was conducted from May to September 2021. Entomofauna was collected using yellow and blue adhesive boards and visual inspections of the leaves every 7-10 days, and a soil inspection was performed every 14 days. Collected samples were determined to the species level where possible. The total number of entomofauna collected on the garden nasturtium was 38185 individuals, and on the summer savory 29164 individuals were found. The largest share (more than 99%) in both cultures were individuals collected using adhesive boards. A total of 15 orders and 70 families were determined on garden nasturtium, while 12 orders and 64 families were established on summer savory. The order Thysanoptera was recorded in the highest numbers on both plants. The conducted faunal research is of great importance because it represents a preliminary research of the entomofauna of garden nasturtium and summer savory in Croatia. Knowledge of the composition and abundance of garden nasturtium and summer savory contributes to a better understanding of the use of these crops in biological protection against pests