Ultrasound assisted extraction of cannabinoids from hemp inflorescence (Cannabis sativa L.)

Industrijska konoplja (Cannabis sativa L.) je biljka koja ima dugu tradiciju primjene kao hrana, sirovina za proizvodnju materijala ili medicinskih pripravaka. Zadnje desetljeće došla je u fokus znanstvenih istraţivanja zbog velikog udjela bioaktivnih spojeva kanabinoida i njihovog glavnog predstavnika kanabidiola (CBD). Ultrazvučna ekstrakcija se sve više koristi u prehrambenoj i farmaceutskoj industriji zbog svoje brzine, jednostavnosti i učinkovitosti. Cilj ovog rada bio je optimiziranje procesa ultrazvučne ekstrakcije kako bi se ekstrahirala što veća količina kanabinoida, prvenstveno CBD-a, skratilo vrijeme postupka te našli optimalni omjeri suhe tvari i otapala. Provedbom ultrazvučne ekstrakcije dobivena je veća količina kanabinoida u kraćem vremenskom periodu u odnosu na primjenu kontrolne ekstrakcije. UtvrĎeno je da vrijeme te omjer suhe tvari i etanola imaju značajni statistički utjecaj na iskorištenje te udio CBD-a (p≤0,05), dok na udio ukupnih kanabinoida statistički značajnu vrijednost ima omjer suhe tvari i etanola (p≤0,05).Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a plant that has long tradition of use such as a food, raw material for the production of other finished materials or medical preparations. It has come into a focus of scientific research for its major amount of bioactive compounds called cannabinoids and their main compound cannabidiol (CBD) for the last decade. Ultrasonic extraction is used more and more in the food and pharmaceutical industry for it's speed, simplicity and efficiency. The aim of this study is to optimize the process of the ultrasonic extraction so it could be more effective at extracting greater amounts of cannabinoid, mainly CBD, to shorten the time of the process and to find the optimal ratio of dry matter and solvent. Using ultrasonic extration a greater amount of cannabinoids was obtained in a shorter period of time compared to the application of control extraction. It was determined that the time and ratio of dry matter and ethanol have a significant statistical impact on utilization and the amount of CBD (p≤0.05), while the ratio of dry matter and ethanol (p≤0.05) has a statistically significant value on the amount of total cannabinoids