Mors fetus in utero

Uvod: O intrauterini smrti ploda govorimo o plodu, ki v maternici ne kaže nobenih znakov življenja. Vprašanje, na katero si želi odgovoriti vsak starš, ki se sooča s tem tragičnim dogodkom, je "Zakaj je prav moj otrok umrl?". Na to vprašanje ni vedno mogoče odgovoriti. Pri skoraj polovici mrtvorojenih otrok ni ugotovljenega vzroka smrti. Definicije intrauterine smrti ploda se razlikujejo od države do države. Izguba otroka je za mnoge družine težka in žalostna resničnost, ki resno vpliva na zdravje in počutje družin. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bolj poglobljeno raziskati izbrano temo s pomočjo strokovne in znanstvene literature, saj se kot babice in babičarji pogosto srečujejo z intrauterino smrtjo ploda v kliničnem okolju. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo temelji na pregledu slovenske ter tuje strokovne in znanstvene literature. V prvem delu diplomskega dela je za raziskovanje uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela, v drugem delu pa je prav tako uporabljena kvalitativna metoda, kjer sta izvedena nestrukturirana intervjuja z dvema ženskama, ki sta se soočili s smrtjo ploda v času nosečnosti. Udeleženki smo pred začetkom raziskave pisno seznanili z namenom in potekom raziskave ter jim zagotovili, da so vsi zbrani podatki anonimni in uporabljeni izključno za namen izdelave diplomskega dela. Rezultati: Rezultati so odgovori na vprašanja, na katera sta odgovarjali dve ženski, ki sta se soočili s smrtjo ploda v maternici. Ženska A je doživela intrauterino smrt v 32. tednu, ženska B pa v 38. tednu nosečnosti. Iz odgovorov žensk razberemo, da sta obe doživeli šok in stisko, svet se jima je zaustavil ob novici, da plodovo srce ne bije več. Intervjuvanki sta povedali, da so jima spomini na izgubljenega otroka pomagali pri procesu žalovanja. Pri eni intervjuvanki smo zasledili izboljšanje partnerskega odnosa, pri drugi pa žal obratno. Iz naših izsledkov sta obe intervjuvanki potrdili, da so se njuni partnerji zaprli vase. Za moške je značilno, da svoje občutke potlačijo in tako svojih partnerk ne želijo obremenjevati s svojo stisko, ampak jih želijo zaščititi. Obe intervjuvanki sta bili zadovoljni z odnosom s strani babic in medicinski sester. Poudarjata pa, da je zelo pomemben empatičen, potrpežljiv in individualno usmerjen pristop s strani zdravstvenih delavcev. Razprava in zaključek: Starši pričakujejo, da bodo umrli pred svojimi otroki, zato je izguba ploda ena izmed najtežjih preizkušenj v življenju, s katero se morajo starši soočiti. Zdravstveno osebje naj nudi pomoč in podporo družinam, ki se soočajo z izgubo. Zdravstvenemu osebju je treba zagotoviti klinično in psihološko podporo ter učinkovito ustrezno usposabljanje, saj obravnava takšnih primerov ne bo nikoli lahka.Introduction: Intrauterine fetal death is a fetus that shows no signs of life in the womb. The question that every parent facing this tragic event wants to answer is, “Why exactly did my child die?”. This question cannot always be answered. The cause of death has not been identified in almost half of stillborn children. Definitions of intrauterine death vary from country to country. The loss of a child is a difficult and sad reality for many families, which seriously affects the health and well-being of families. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to explore the selected topic in more depth with the help of professional and scientific literature, as midwives often encounter intrauterine fetal death in a clinical setting. Methods: The diploma thesis is based on a review of Slovenian and foreign professional and scientific literature. In the first part of the diploma work, for research is used a descriptive method of work. In the second part, a qualitative method is used, where unstructured interviews are conducted with two women who faced fetal death during pregnancy. Prior to the initial research, we informed the participants in writing about the purpose and course of the research and assured them that all collected data are anonymous and users exclusively for the purpose of preparing a diploma thesis.Results: The results are answers to questions answered by two women who faced fetal death in utero. Woman A experienced intrauterine death in the 32nd week and woman B in the 38th week of pregnancy. From the women\u27s answers, we learn that they both experienced shock and distress, the world stopped at the news that the fetal heart was no longer beating. The interviewees said that the memories of the lost child helped them in the mourning process. In one interviewee, we noticed an improvement in the partnership, and in the other, unfortunately, the opposite. From our findings, both interviewees confirmed that their partners were introverted. It is characteristic of men that they suppress their feelings and thus do not want to burden their partners with their distress, but wants to protect them. Both interviewees were satisfied with the attitude on the part of the midwives and nurses. However, they emphasize that an empathetic, patient and individual-oriented approach by health professionals is very important. Discussion and conclusion: Parents expect to die in front of their children, so the loss of a fetus is one of the most difficult trials in life that parents have to face. Healthcare professionals should offer help and support to families facing loss. Clinical and psychological support and effective appropriate training should be provided to healthcare professionals, as dealing with such cases will never be easy