Healthy lifestyle contents in Slovenian and Czech primary school curricula

Življenjski slog je način življenja vsakega izmed nas. Zaradi različnih vrednot, okolja, kjer živimo, ožjih socialnih stikov ter ekonomskih dejavnikov vsak posameznik oblikuje svoj življenjski slog. Raziskave kažejo, da je obdobje odraščanja za mnoge kritično obdobje, zato je pomembno, da se otroci v času osnovnošolskega izobraževanja seznanijo z vsebinami zdravega življenjskega sloga in oblikujejo navade, ki jih bodo prenesli v odraslo dobo in bodo zdravju koristne. Z ozaveščanjem pomena zdravega načina življenja za dobro počutje in dobro zdravstveno stanje lahko preprečimo mnoge negativne posledice, kot so slabo duševno zdravje, nastanek kroničnih nenalezljivih bolezni, odvisnost od drog, slaba higiena ter mnoge druge. Namen magistrskega dela je bil identificirati in primerjati vsebine zdravega življenjskega sloga, ki se pojavljajo v učnih načrtih obveznih in izbirnih predmetov osnovnošolskega izobraževanja v Sloveniji in na Češkem. V raziskavi sta bila analizirana slovenski in češki osnovnošolski predmetnik in učni načrti predmetov, kjer se pojavljajo vsebine zdravega življenjskega sloga. Z analizo znanstvenih raziskav so bili pridobljeni podatki o vsebinah zdravega življenjskega sloga, ki jih obravnava zdravstvena stroka, z deskriptivno metodo pa so bili pridobljeni podatki o tem, pri katerih osnovnošolskih predmetih se v Sloveniji in na Češkem pojavljajo vsebine zdravega življenjskega sloga ter kateri cilji so zastopani v učnem načrtu posameznega predmeta. Glede na vsebine zdravega življenjskega sloga, ki jih podpira zdravstvena stroka, je bila izdelana klasifikacija dejavnikov, ki so: telesna dejavnost, načini prehranjevanja, količina spanja, duševno zdravje, sedeča vedenja, odgovoren odnos do drog in higiena. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se v slovenskih učnih načrtih najpogosteje pojavljajo vsebine, ki obravnavajo pomen telesne dejavnosti, načine prehranjevanja in odgovoren odnos do drog in higiene, v češkem učnem načrtu pa so najpogostejše vsebine, ki obravnavajo pomen telesne dejavnosti, načine prehranjevanja, duševno zdravje, odgovoren odnos do drog in higiene. Vsebine, ki se v učnih ciljih slovenskih in čeških predmetov pojavljajo manj pogosto in bi jim morali v prihodnosti pripisati večji pomen, so zmanjšanje sedečih vedenj in pomen količine spanja.Lifestyle is a way in which a person lives. Due to different values, living circumstances. social connections, and economic factors, each individual shapes its own lifestyle. Research shows. that for most people, the adolescence phase is of the upmost importance, and that children should learn about a healthy lifestyle and shape good habits that they will take into their adulthood during primary education. By raising awareness of how following a healthy lifestyle can impact your well-being and your health, we can prevent many negative consequences such as mental health problems. development of chronic diseases, drug addiction, poor hygiene, and many more. The purpose of this master\u27s thesis was to identify and compare the content of a heathy lifestyle that appear in curriculums of compulsory and recommended subjects in primary education in Slovenia and Czech Republic. Syllabuses and curriculums that include healthy lifestyle contents from both countries were analysed in the research. Contents of a healthy lifestyle addressed by the medical profession was obtained through the analysis of scientific researches. The data onprimary school subjects in Slovenia and Czech Republic which contain the contents of a healthy lifestyle. and the goals that were represented in the curriculum of these subjects. were obtained by the descriptive method. The classification of factors was based on the content of a healthy lifestyle supported by the medical profession, it includes: physical activity, diet, amount of sleep. mental health, sedentary lifestyle, a responsible attitude towards drugs. and hygiene. It was found that the content which talks about the importance of physical activity, diet, responsible attitude towards drugs and hygiene, appears in the Slovenian curriculum Whereas in Czech Republic. the curriculum contains topics related to the importance of mental health, in addition to physical activity, diet, responsible attitude towards drugs and hygiene. Contents, that appear the rarest, and should be given greater importance in the learning objectives in both, Slovenia and Czech Republic, are reduction of sedentary behaviours, and the importance of the amount of sleep