Posture analysis of sport climbers

Da športna dejavnost pomembno vpliva na držo posameznika, je že dobro znano dejstvo, vseeno pa raziskav na temo vpliva športnega plezanja na držo ni veliko. Z magistrskim delom smo preverili držo rekreativnih športnih plezalcev in gibljivost mišic, ki naj bi bile povezane z držo. 65 merjencev moškega spola smo razdelili v tri skupine glede na število let ukvarjanja s športnim plezanjem (do 5 let, 5–10 let in >10 let) in kontrolno skupino, v kateri so bili neplezalci. S pomočjo naprave SpinalMouse® smo preverili ukrivljenost hrbtenice v bočni ravnini v treh različnih položajih (pokončna stoja, upogib naprej in izteg nazaj). Izmerili smo tudi gibljivost treh mišic (velika prsna, zadnje stegenske, črevnično ledvena), kjer so nas zanimali koti, doseženi v sklepih, po katerih mišice potekajo. Ugotovili smo, da med skupinami ni bilo statistično pomembnih razlik v kotu prsne kifoze, prav tako so imele vse skupine zelo podobno gibljivost mišic. Povezava med gibljivostjo in ukrivljenostjo hrbtenice se je pokazala samo med desno veliko prsno mišico in prsno kifozo, kjer se gibljivost mišice manjša z večjim kotom prsne kifoze. Ko smo športne plezalce razdelili v skupine še glede na plezano težavnostno stopnjo (do 6c, 6c+–7c in >7c), se je pokazala močna povezanost med težavnostno stopnjo, številom let plezanja in tedenskimi trenažnimi urami, kjer so boljši plezalci plezali več ur na teden in več let. Vendar pa tudi tu nismo opazili povezanosti s kotom prsne kifoze kot pri ostalih do zdaj narejenih raziskavah.The effects of physical activity on individual’s posture is well recognised. However, investigations of the effects sport climbing on posture is scarce. With this Master’s thesis we were aiming to analyse posture and mobility of muscles linked to it of recreational sport climbers. 65 male volunteers were divided in three sub-groups of sport climbers based on the years practicing sport climbing (less than 5 years, 5 – 10 years and more than 10 years) and one group of non-climbers, which served as a control group. We performed measurements of the sagittal spine with SpinalMouse® during three different positions (upright, spinal flexion and spinal extension). We also evaluated the mobility of three different muscle groups (pectoralis major, hamstrings and iliopsoas) where we were looking at the angles reached in joints. There were no significant differences between groups regarding the thoracic kyphosis angle. In addition, all groups showed similar mobility in all muscle groups. Correlation between posture and mobility was shown only between thoracic kyphosis and mobility of the right pectoralis major muscle. The mobility of the pectoralis major decreased as thoracic kyphosis angle increased. For additional evaluation, we divided sport climbers based on their reported climbing difficulty (up to 6c, 6c+ - 7c, more than 7c). There was significant correlation between the climbing difficulty, years of climbing and weekly training hours, where better climbers trained more hours per week and more years. However, we did not show any correlation between thoracic kyphosis, climbing difficulty, years of climbing and training hours, like researchers before us