The democratization process in the People\u27s Republic of China and Taiwan between 1949 and 1989

Diplomsko delo primerja demokratizaciji Ljudske republike Kitajske (LR Kitajske oz. LRK) in Tajvana. Najbolj se osredotoči na vprašanje demokratizacije obeh držav med letoma 1949 in 1989, ju skupaj z drugimi političnimi in demokratičnimi aspekti primerja in se ob tem povprašuje o demokratski prihodnosti LRK skozi vidik tajvanskega demokratičnega modela. »Kako to, da se je Tajvan in njegova ustanovitvena stranka KMT, zgrajena na enakih leninističnih temeljih kot KKP in njena LRK, uspešno adaptirala in prilagodila zahtevam ter tako postala primer prve azijske uspešne demokracije in kako to, da dandanašnja LRK še vedno utrjuje svojo avtoritarno oblast ali kot pravi vodi »socializem s kitajskimi karakteristikami« ter sploh ne kaže kakršnih koli tendenc preusmeritve v demokratično državo?« Kitajski politični sistem ne dopušča takšne neodvisnosti, kot jo dopušča tajvanski. Kitajske »demokratične« volitve se še zmeraj izvajajo do nivoja okrajev, pa čeprav vladajoča stranka trdi, da je LRK pravna država z demokratičnimi načeli. Tajvan se vse bolj razvija v demokratično in neodvisno državo, pri kateri je družba vse kompleksnejša in odprta za nadaljnji razvoj demokracije. Prav tako kompleksnejša in vedno bolj zahtevajoča je tudi civilna družba na kitajskih tleh, ki tudi podpira demokratična načela, a vendar postavlja blaginjo na prvo mesto in pri tem raje žrtvuje svojo svobodo govora, misli in medijev. Kakšna je torej prihodnost, bo LRK sledila demokratičnemu modelu Tajvana in ali bo ta tudi pravno razglasil svojo neodvisnost?This dissertation deals with the democratization process of the People\u27s Republic of China and Taiwan. It focuses mostly on the issue of democratization of these two countries between 1949 and 1989, compares them with other political and democratic aspects, and questions the democratic future of the PRC through the perspective of the Taiwanese democratic model. “How did Taiwan and its founding party, the KMT, built on the same Leninist foundations as the CCP and its PRC, successfully adapt to the demands of Asia\u27s first successful democracy, and how is it that today\u27s PRC is still consolidating its authoritarian rule and as CCP says, leads “socialist country with Chinese characteristics” and does not at all show any tendency to shift to a democratic state?” The Chinese political system does not allow such independence as the Taiwanese one. China\u27s “democratic” elections are still being held to the district level, even though the ruling party claims that the PRC is a state governed by the rule of law with democratic principles. Taiwan is increasingly developing into a democratic and independent country, where society is increasingly complex and open to the further development of democracy. Equally, more complex and increasingly demanding is Chinese civil society which also upholds democratic principles but puts prosperity first, preferring to sacrifice its freedom of speech, thought, and media. So, what does the future hold, will the PRC follow Taiwan\u27s democratic model, and will Taiwan legally declare its independence