Repressive approach to spreading of the infectious diseases in Slovenia and abroad

Javno zdravje je predpogoj za delovanje in preživetje katerekoli človeške družbe. Nalezljive bolezni še vedno predstavljajo pomemben javno zdravstveni problem. Predmet magistrskega dela je predstavitev kazenskopravne ureditve v zvezi s širjenjem nalezljive bolezni v Sloveniji in nekaterih evropskih državah, na podlagi česar lahko opravimo medsebojno primerjavo in dobimo morebitne predloge za nadgraditev obstoječe slovenske ureditve. Slovenski kazenski zakonik (KZ-1) v 177. členu vsebuje inkriminacijo z naslovom Prenašanje nalezljivih bolezni. Kljub izjemni pomembnosti dobrine, ki je zavarovana z omenjeno inkriminacijo, sta v slovenski pravni teoriji in sodni praksi njeno pojavljanje oziroma raziskanost presenetljivo redka. Možnih razlogov za to je več. Od odsotnosti zares nevarnih epidemij nalezljivih bolezni na tem območju v zadnjih letih do same strukture kaznivega dejanja. Avtor v predmetni magistrski nalogi predstavi relevantne pravne vire, ki predstavljajo podlago za ukrepanje države glede nalezljivih bolezni. V nadaljevanju pregleda in predstavi posamezne inkriminacije, ki si jih lahko, seveda ob izpolnjenosti elementov splošnega pojma kaznivega dejanja, zamislimo v primeru prenosa nalezljive bolezni. Največ pozornosti posveti zgoraj omenjeni inkriminaciji, vsebovani v 177. členu KZ-1.Public health is a prerequisite for the functioning and survival of any human society. Infectious diseases continue to represent a significant public health problem. The subject of this master thesis is the presentation of the criminal law framework in relation to the spread of infectious diseases in Slovenia and some European countries, on the basis of which we can make a comparison with each other and possible proposals for improvement of the existing Slovenian regulation. Article 177 of the Slovenian Criminal Code (KZ-1) contains the following criminal offence, entitled "Transmission of infectious diseases". Despite its exceptional importance of the legal good protected by this criminalisation, it is surprisingly poorly researched and used in the Slovenian legal theory and jurisprudence. There are several possible reasons that contribute to this. From the absence of very serious epidemics of infectious diseases in this area in the recent years, to the very structure of the criminal offence. The author presents the relevant legal sources, which constitute the basis for a state action on infectious diseases. The author then reviews and presents the individual criminal offences that can be used in the case of the transmission of an infectious disease. Author\u27s main focuse is on the above-mentioned criminalisation, contained in Article 177. of the KZ-1